Abstract:
Background: The expectation of every pregnant woman is to undergo a spontaneous vaginal
delivery with minimal or no resort to operative procedures at the end of pregnancy. For the
majority of women this expectation becomes a reality. For some however, assistance is required
either in the form of caesarean section or operative vaginal procedures in order to avert adverse
maternal and fetal outcome . However there is no information on the pattern and outcome of
operative deliveries in the study area. Thus, this study is aimed to fill the paucity of information
in the study area that play vital role to reduce maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality.
Objective: the objective of this study is to assess pattern and outcome of operative deliveries
among mothers who give birth in Nekemt Referral Hospital from December 1/2012-April
30/2013.
Methods: A hospital based prospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 384 mothers
who had operative deliveries at Nekemt Referral Hospital from December 1/2012-April
30/2013GC. The data were collected by trained data collectors using structured interview
questionnaire and medical records review format. The data were cleaned, entered, processed
and analyzed using SPSS for windows version 16.0. Statistical test for significance was employed
where appropriate at the level of significance of 5%.
Result : The prevalence of operative deliveries was 33.1% and the rate of operative vaginal
delivery and cesarean section were 71 ( 18.5%) and 279 (72.5%) respectively . The major
indications of cesarean section were obstructed labour 58 ( 20.7%), fetal distress (NRFHRP)
47(17.9%) and CPD 40 (14.3%). The commonest cause for instrumental vaginal delivery was
fetal distress ( NRFHRP) 33 ( 57.9) followed by prolonged second stage of labour 23 (40.3%).
With regard to maternal and fetal outcome, about 53( 13.8% ) mothers had complication
including maternal death after operative deliveries within the first 24 hours and 162(41.9%) had
bad neonatal outcome.
Conclusion and recommendation: Parity ,ANC and type of operative delivery are significant
factors associated with maternal and neonatal outcome. Special attention should be given to
laboring mothers with grand multiparty parity and non ANC attendants to minimize the
possible post operative complications by health care providers in Nekemet Referral Hospital.
Furthermore; the federal ministry of health in collaboration with Oromiya Health bureau
should encourage the primary health care provider to carry out expensive community based
mobilization on birth spacing and standard ANC utilization.
