Abstract:
BACKGROUND: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common bacterial infections
encountered by clinicians in developing countries. Area-specific monitoring studies aimed to gain
knowledge about the type of pathogens responsible for urinary tract infections and their resistance
patterns may help the clinician to choose the correct empirical treatment. Therefore, the aim of this study
was to determine the type and antibiotic resistance pattern of the urinary pathogens isolated from
patients attending Jimma University Specialized Hospital from April to June 2010.
METHODS: A hospital based cross sectional stud was conducted and urine samples were collected using
the mid-stream "clean catch" method from 228 clinically-suspected cases of urinary tract infections and
tested bacteriologically using standard procedures. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed for the
isolated pathogens using Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method according to Clinical and Laboratory
Standards Institute guidelines.
RESULTS: - Significant bacteria were detected from 9.2% of the total patients. The most common
pathogens isolated were Escherichia coli (33.3%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (19%) and S. saprophyticus
(14.3%). E. coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae showed the highest percentage of resistance to ampicillin
and amoxacillin (100%) however, all isolates of E. coli and K. pneumoniae were susceptible to
ciprofloxacin. S. saprophyticus and S. aureus were resistant to ampicillin (100%) and amoxicillin
(66.7%). For all UTI isolates, least resistance was observed against drugs such as ceftriaxone,
gentamycin and chloramphenicol.
CONCLUSION: - This study finding showed that E. coli isolates were the predominant pathogens and
the presence of bacterial isolates with very high resistance to the commonly prescribed drugs that in turn
leaves the clinicians with very few alternative options of drugs for the treatment of UTIs. As drug
resistance among bacterial pathogens is an evolving process, routine surveillance and monitoring studies
should be conducted to provide physicians knowledge on the updated and most effective empirical
treatment of UTIs.
