Abstract:
Background: The introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has led to a
marked reduction in AIDS-related morbidity and mortality. However HAART, has been
reported to be associated with a number of side effects in HIV positive persons among
which dyslipidaemia and lipodystrophy are common metabolic disorders.
Objective: To assess prevalence and predictors of dyslipidemia on HAART and HAART
naïve HIV-positive persons in Defense Hospital, Addis Ababa-Ethiopia from September 20
to October 23, 2013.
Methodology: A facility based comparative cross-sectional study on 228 HIV positive
persons on HAART and HAART naïve was conducted from September 20 to October 23,
2013. Ethical approval and clearance was obtained from college of public Health and
Medical Sciences Jimma University. Socio-demographic, clinical and laboratory data were
collected by a structured questionnaire. A fasting blood sample of 5 milliliter was taken and
from this 2.5 milliliter was used for lipid profile and the rest for CD4 analysis. Dyslipidemia
was defined as the presence of any of TC ≥ 200 mg/dl, HDL-c < 40 mg/dl, LDL-c ≥ 130
mg/dl, TG ≥ 150mg/dl. For statistical analysis student’s t-test and logistic regression were
done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 16.00.
Result: Total number of participants enrolled in the study were 228, in which 103 (45%)
males and 125 (55%) females. From the participants 114 HIV-positive persons who were on
HAART in one group & 114 patients were HAART naïve in the second group were
included. The mean value of TC was(202.4 & 186.7), HDL-c(40.5 & 43),LDL-c(126 &
111.4),TG (176 &155) for HAART and HAART naïve respectively. Among the participants
involved in the study 84 (73.7%) on HAART and 61 (53.5%) HAART naive persons had at
least one lipid abnormality. The prevalence of TC≥ 200mg/dl was 50% & 30%; HDL<
40mg/dl was 43.8% & 36%; LDL-c≥130mg/dl was 48.3% & 28.1%; TG ≥150mg/dl 59.6%
& 39% among those on HAART and HAART naïve respectively.
Duration of therapy was significantly and positively associated with TC, LDL-c & TG in
which the adjusted odds ratio (95% CI) of duration of therapy was 0.54(0.02-0.36) for TC
