Abstract:
The aim of this study is to assess treatment outcome and associated factors among
tuberculosis patients in Southwest Ethiopia. A five year general retrospective cohort
was employed. Data were collected from patients’ follow up record and analyzed
using SPSS version 16.0(Chicago: SPSS Inc., 2007). P-value 0.05 was considered
statistically significant. In the multivariate logistic regression model, age range
of (35-44.9 years (AOR=6.5, 95% CI: 3.2-13.4),45-54.9 years (AOR=12.4,95% CI: 5.9-
26.2),55-64.9 years (AOR=26.9, 95% CI:11.3-64.2) and ≥65 years (AOR=25.93, 95% CI:
6.9-98.3); male gender (AOR=2.9, 95% CI: 1.9-4.5); rural residence (AOR=3.07, 95%
CI: 2.08-4.53);being at prison(AOR=2.67,95% CI: 1.11-6.37);retreatment with antituberculosis medications (AOR=1.9, 95% CI: 1.25-2.89);smear negative tuberculosis
(AOR=6.7,95% CI: 4.2-10.7); extra-pulmonary tuberculosis (AOR=5.2, 95% CI:
3.1- 8.7); TB-HIV co-infected patients without co-trimoxazole preventive therapy
(AOR=58.6, 95% CI: 6.7-507.8); TB-HIV co-infected patients without antiretroviral
treatment(AOR=10.5, 95% CI: 1.4-77.5) were identified as independent risk factors
for poor treatment outcomes in the current study. Treatment outcome among
tuberculosis patients was satisfactory in the study area. Male gender, age greater
than 35 years, smear negative and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis, retreatment with
anti-tuberculosis medications, rural residence, being at prison, TB-HIV co-infection
without co-trimoxazole preventive therapy and antiretroviral therapy were known
to be independent predictors of poor treatment outcomes.
