Abstract:
Introduction: currently acquired Immune deficiency syndrome is a major threat to the world's
population- to its overall social, economic, and political wellbeing, as well as to the individual
health of hundreds of millions of people. It has became the most devastating disease humankind
has ever seen.Globally; 34.0 million [31.4 million–35.9 million] people were living with HIV at
the end of 2011. Determinant factors that drive the epidemic and sexual behaviors among
different groups of population are not adequately explored but limited studies. One of the factors
fueling the epidemic is the problem of substance abuse (including drug use) which is currently
reported to be on the increase in major urban areas of Ethiopia.
Objectives: To assess association between substance Abuse and HIV infection among the clients
given PITC service in health institutions of jig-jiga town from September 01 to 30, 2013.
Methods: Case control design was employed. Data was collected from clients visiting PITC
providing units of age 15 years and above; came to get medical service and received counseling
service & tested for serum HIV status and volunteer to participate in the study by using pretested interview guided semi-structured questionnaire. 72cases and 212 controls were
interviewed.data was entered into computer, coded by using epi info & analysed by using SPSS
version 20.
Result: In the study, 284 -study participants who were eligible & met the set criteria for the
study participants completed the interview in all study sites, a response rate of 100%. Among
these, 72 (25.3%) were cases and 212 (74.6%) were controls. The mean age of the cases and
controls was 34±9 and 33±14 respectively. All variables with P < 0.2 in bivariate analysis were
entered in to multivariate analysis. In Bivariate analysis, variables with p<0.2 were being female,
primary education, age 25-34 years, occupation, income, marital status, all risk level of substance
use (tobacco, alcohol drinking, Amphetamines,Sexual intercourse in the last 12 month, genial
discharge, knowledge of condom use.
In multivariate logistic regression analysis, Alcohol and Amphetamine type stimulants /chat
abusers & dependents were founded to be positively associated with HIV infection, where as
tobacco found to be insignificant.
Conclusion and recommendation: Alcohol and Amphetamine type stimulants /chat abusers &
dependents were founded to be positively associated with HIV infection, where as tobacco use
and others substances with serum HIV positivity were found to be insignificant. Based on the
results, we advocated heightened concerns be target populations, particularly those populations
with sexual acive and substance use behaviors. Further research is needed to develop effective
interventions to reduce sexual and substance use behaviors, which may have a long beneficial
effect to the control of HIV/STI in the study area.
