Abstract:
Background: Urinary tract infection, the most common bacterial infections in urinary
tract, is a major cause of morbidity particularly in patients with diabetes mellitus. Its
empirical treatment is becoming difficult because of appearance of uropathogens with
increasing resistance to antimicrobial agents worldwide. Local susceptibility pattern of
uropathogens is, therefore, important.
Objective: The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence and antimicrobial
susceptibility profile of uropathogenes and associated risk factors of urinary tract infection
among diabetic and non-diabetic patients.
Materials and methods: A facility based comparative cross-sectional study was carried
out involving 319 diabetic patients and 319 non-diabetic patients at Mizan Tepi
University Teaching Hospital from April to July 30,2018. Structured questionnaire was
used for collecting the data pertaining to socio-demographic characteristics and possible
risk factors. Midstream urine was collected and cultured onto bacteriological media. All
the positive urine cultures showing significant bacteriuria were further subjected to
biochemical tests. Antibacterial susceptibility was determined by standard Kirby Bauer’s
disc diffusion method. Data were entered into Epidata version 3.1 and exported to SPSS
version 20.2 for analysis. Statistically significant bacteriuria was set a P values< 0.05.
Result: Significant bacteriuria was detected in 48/319(15.0%) diabetic patients and in
18/319(5.6%) of non-diabetic patients. The most predominant isolate in diabetic and non- diabetic patient was E. coli at 18.8% and 27.8% prevalence. All isolates were 100%
sensitive to Nitrofurantoin, Gentamycin and Ciprofloxacin and resistant to Ampicillin.
Females in diabetic patients[AOR,2.001;95%CI:1.56-4.311], and females in non- diabetic patients[AOR,2.201;95%CI;1.360-4.451], fasting blood sugar greater than
126mg/dl [AOR:4.248; 95% CI;0.848-11.253], glycosuria [AOR:2.030; 95% CI;1.851- 6.752] and history of urinary tract infection [AOR:1.123; 95%CI;1.001-3.701] were
found to be statistically associated to significant bacteriuria. Conclusion and recommendation: The prevalence of uropathogenes in diabetic patients
and the resistances of most isolates to commonly used antibiotics is a major concern.
Diabetic patients should be screened for urinary tract infection.
