Abstract:
Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that requires lifelong medical treatments and a life style adjustment. To
prevent serious morbidity and mortality, it requires dedication to demanding self-care behaviors in multiple domains. The
objective of this study was to identify predictors of self care behaviors among patients with diabetes.
Methods: From a total of 425 follow up diabetic patients, a quantitative cross sectional study was conducted among 222 of
them from three different hospitals in Harar town, from March to April, 2011. The sample was taken using simple random
sampling method. Data was collected using pretested questionnaire. Descriptive statistics multiple logistic regression
analysis were also used to assess the predicators of self care behaviors among patients with diabetes.
Result: Majority of the study respondents 134 (60.4%) were female and the mean age was 49.7 (SD614.7) years. More than
half 147(66.2%) of them were medically diagnosed with type-2 diabetes. 208(93.7%) had general knowledge about diabetes
and specific knowledge about diabetes self care 207(93.2%). Large proportion of them had moderate perceived
susceptibility 174(78.4%) and severity 112(50.5%). More than half of the respondents 149(67.1%) had less perceived barrier
while only 30 (13.5%) of them had high self efficacy to self care practices related to diabetes mellitus. Only 87(39.2%)
followed the recommended self care practices on diabetes.
Conclusions: Patients with less frequent information were less likely to take diabetes self care. Patients who were more
educated, middle income, had high perceived severity of diabetes and less perceived barrier to self care were more likely to
take diabetes self care. To increase the self care behavior, diabetes messages should focus on severity of diabetes and how
to overcome barriers for self care by segmenting the audiences based on income and educational status with increasing the
frequency and reach of message on diabetes.
