https://repository.ju.edu.et//handle/123456789/1213 2026-04-07T20:56:14Z https://repository.ju.edu.et//handle/123456789/9482 Ensemble modeling of the hydrological impacts of climate change: A case study of the Baro River sub-basin, Ethiopia Gebisa, Bekele Terefe; Dibaba, Wakjira Takala Given the Baro River basin’s high climatic variability and frequent flooding, climate change is expected to exacerbate the existing issues in the region. Three best-performing climate models from Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 6 (CMIP6) were used to examine the potential impact of climate change on the hydrology of the Baro River sub-basin. The ensemble of the climate models were bias-corrected for the climate change analysis and a calibrated and validated Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model was used to examine the impact of the climate changes under two shared socioeconomic pathways (SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5) in the future (2031–2060). The climate change scenarios projected an increase in precipitation and temperature under all scenarios. Consequently, annual increase in surface runoff, water yield, and potential evapotranspiration (PET) was reported by 30.33% (44.67%), 6% (18.1%,), and 4.49% (6.63%) and decline in ground water by 13.17% (2.64%) under SSP2-4.5 (SSP5-8.5), respectively. The rise in temperature and PET could be responsible for the decline in groundwater, while the projected increase in precipitation is expected to enhance surface runoff, perhaps leading to flooding. This requires an improved water management policy that involves all sectors and takes into account the equity for different users. 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.ju.edu.et//handle/123456789/9431 ASSESSMENT of GROUNDWATER POTENTIAL ZONES USING GIS and REMOTE SENSING TECHNIQUES in THE MUGER WATERSHED, ABBAY BASIN, ETHIOPIA TILAHUN, SIFAN Groundwater is one of the most dynamic natural resources, but its distribution varies over time and across locations. Factors such as climate change, overexploitation, and poor management have made it increasingly important to assess groundwater resources for sustainable use in residential, agricultural, and industrial sectors. Assessing suitable groundwater potential zones primarily depends on the use of geographic information systems (GIS) and remote sensing (RS). The study area lacks comprehensive information on the distribution and characteristics of groundwater potential zones, hindering effective management and extraction. This study maps the groundwater potential zones of the Muger Watershed in Ethiopia using GIS and remote sensing, integrating the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). The study uses seven thematic layers that influence groundwater potential: slope, rainfall, lithology, land use/land cover, drainage density, soil types, and lineament density. The study integrates and overlays these thematic layers in GIS using a weighted overlay analysis tool, while the AHP method ranks the layers and their associated sub-themes based on their suitability, attributes, and influence on groundwater potential zones. The study classifies groundwater prospects into five categories: very high, high, moderate, low, and very low. These categories cover 2.485%, 54.554%, 32.22%, 10.715%, and 0.022% of the landscape, respectively. The current well locations verified the groundwater potential map, showing an accuracy of 80%. The resulting potentiality mapping has been essential for the sustainable development and management of water resources in the research region. It demonstrates the validity of the delineated groundwater potential zone maps. 2025-02-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.ju.edu.et//handle/123456789/9414 Modeling the Hydrological Process of the Genale Dawa-3 Dam Watershed, Ethiopia Dechasa, Ashenaf; Dibaba, WakjiraT.; Aga, AlemuO.; et al. Watershed hydrology comprehension is fundamental to the efcacious management of water resources and the formulation of sustainable solutions. Tis research used the soil and water assessment tool (SWAT) to analyze the hydrological dynamics of the Genale Dawa-3 dam watershed, to advance sustainable water management strategies. Model calibration and validation were performed using sequential uncertainty ftting (SUFI-2) within SWAT-CUP, and performance was assessed through various statistical measures including R2, NSE, PBIAS, and RSR. Te fndings demonstrated a robust correlation between observed and simulated streamfow during both the calibration and validation stages. Te statistical analysis revealed that there was signifcant agreement between the observed and simulated streamfow in terms of R2 (0.79, 0.75), NSE (0.74, 0.72), PBIAS (−2.8, 2.1), and RSR(0.57, 0.56) during calibration and validation. Evapotranspiration was found to account for 64.66% of precipitation loss, while surface runof, groundwater fow, and water yield were each responsible for 12.62%, 9.47%, and 32.28% of the annual water balance, respectively. A yearly water balance analysis revealed that evapotranspiration was the primary route of precipitation loss, followed by surface runof, groundwater movement, and overall water yield. Te study estimated the total water potential of the watershed to be 2.45 BMC. Notable spatial heterogeneity in water balance components was observed across subwatersheds, attributable to variations in pedological characteristics, land use/land cover patterns, topographical features, and precipitation distribution. Te elucidated hydrological processes provide a robust empirical framework for water resource practitioners and policymakers to formulate and implement evidence-based, sustainable management strategies. 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.ju.edu.et//handle/123456789/9370 Investigation on pulsed-electrocoagulation process for the treatment of wet coffee processing wastewater using an aluminum electrode Asefaw , Kassahun Tadesse, Firomsa , Wendesen Mekonin , Perumal Bidira , Desta , Asaithambi The use of conventional direct current-electrocoagulation in wastewater treatment is limited by its drawbacks, which include electrode passivation, high energy consumption, and significant sludge generation. Therefore, to address these issues, pulsed-electrocoagulation (PECP) has been developed. The PECP is an advanced wastewater treatment technique that uses intermittent electrical pulses to target and break down organic compounds in wastewater. It offers several benefits, including enhanced removal of organic compounds, reduced chemical consumption, energy efficiency, treatment of complex wastewater composition, pathogen inactivation, envi ronmental compliance, and potential for water reuse. In this research, removal efficiency of % Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), % Color, % Turbidity, % phosphate, and %nitrate was investigated for the wet coffee processing wastewater by using PECP and the obtained results as the COD-98.75%, color-99.92%, turbidity-99.00%, phosphate-99.02%, and nitrate-98.83%, respectively. Independent variables were the major significant factors and the optimum value was investigated and obtained at pH of 7, electrolyte dosage of 0.75 g L 1 , electrolysis time of 45 min, and current of 0.45 Amp. As a result, PECP with NaCl and CaCl2 as an electrolyte is an effective treatment technique for pollutant removal from wastewater. As a consequence, the specific benefits may vary depending on the system design, operational parameters, and wastewater characteristics. The pilot-scale studies and optimization are essential for assessing PECP feasibility and performance. 2023-12-19T00:00:00Z