College of Natural Sciences

A 2d Monte Carlo Simulation of Diffusion in a Disorder Media

2024-01-18T00:00:00Z

A 2d Monte Carlo Simulation of Diffusion in a Disorder Media Migbaru Bekele Birhanu; Solomon Negash In this work, we present 2D Monte Carlo simulations of tracer in disorder media with obstacles distributed randomly. For diffusion of a particle, the mean-square displace ment of the diffusing species is linearly proportional to time for normal diffusion. But in disordered systems anomalous diffusion occurs, in which the means square displacement is proportional to a fractional power of time not equal to one.As the ob stacle concentration approaches the percolation threshold, diffusion becomes more anomalous for long times; the anomalous diffusion exponent increases.Simulation data show anomalous for short times and normal for long times below percolation threshold.Monte Carlo calculations are used to characterize anomalous diffusion for obstacle concentrations between zero and the percolation threshold.In addition,above percolation threshold anomalous for short times but for long time( t), < r2 > approx imate fixed point proportional to mean value of boundary condition.,So the slope oflog < r2 > /t versus logt goes to-1 and dw →.The intersection time from normal to crowded diffusion is the crossover time tCR.

Quadratic B-spline Collocation Method for Solving Singularly Perturbed Quasilinear Sobolev Equations

2024-12-22T00:00:00Z

Quadratic B-spline Collocation Method for Solving Singularly Perturbed Quasilinear Sobolev Equations Lemessa Fikadu Babe; Gemechis File; Feyisa Edosa In this thesis, the one-dimensional singularly perturbed quasilinear Sobolev equationis considered and treated numerically. Newton’s linearization approach is used to linearize the nonlinear term. The finite difference method is used to treat the linearized equation spatial direction discretization. The temporal direction the quadratic B-spline collocation method is applied. The propsed scheme’s stability is analysed and established. The scheme converges with an order of convergence one in time and two in space. The theoretical results were illustrated using numerical example.

Assessing Impact of Human Activity and local community attitude on Wildlife Conservation: The Case of Tiro Boter Bacho Natural Forest, Jimma Zone, Oromia National, Regional State and Southwest Ethiopia.

2025-04-18T00:00:00Z

Assessing Impact of Human Activity and local community attitude on Wildlife Conservation: The Case of Tiro Boter Bacho Natural Forest, Jimma Zone, Oromia National, Regional State and Southwest Ethiopia. Tayib Aba Biya; Tsegaye Gadisa; Tedase Habtamu A study on the impact of human activity and local community perception towards wildlife conservation in Tiro Boter Bacho forest was conducted in four purposely selected Kebeles of Nedhi Gibe district of Jimma zone .The objective of the study was to assess impact of human activity and local community attitude on wildlife conservation. Personal observation and formal discussion were used to identify the study site. Four Kebeles of the district that have common boundary with the forest were purposively selected for this study. Data were collected from different respondents at a single point in time. For this study, 183 respondents were selected both by simple random sampling from the householders. Interviewers were selected by purposive sampling from local community elders, Woreda and Kebele level agricultural experts and Kebele administrators. Personal observation, Interview and questionnaire were employed as data gathering method. Descriptive statistics was employed to analyze the data. Chi Square (χ²) test was used to determine association between categorical variables. From the result of the study, human activity that adversely affect wildlife resource were farmland expansion for agricultural purpose 60 (32.8%) and human wildlife conflict 44 (24.1%) in order of importance in the study area. Trend of wildlife population in the study area declined from time to time due to human impact such as forest clearing for farmland expansions (41%) and removing of fuel wood for market (35.5 %), and the growing of livestock grazing in the site. The attitude of local community towards wildlife is negative 87 (47.5%) because of increase in wildlife induced damage like crop raiding and predation, lack of awareness and less attention given by government. The study reveals that 118 (64.5%) of the respondents in the study area responded that they did not have awareness about wildlife conservation. On the contrary 52 (28.4%) of the respondents expressed as they have awareness about wildlife conservation and about 13 (7.1%) of the respondents have no idea on the issue. In conclusion, the study revealed human activity is one of the most important factors that have impact on wildlife and its conservations. Therefore, awareness creation programs should be organized in the community and it will help to reduce wildlife threats and to improve the local community attitude, participating the local community in the decision making process to increase sustainable conservation of wildlife.

“Association between hematological parameters and major Severe P.vivax Malaria Pathologies in Gebrestadik Shawo General Hospital Kaffa Zone, South West Ethiopia”.

2024-12-07T00:00:00Z

“Association between hematological parameters and major Severe P.vivax Malaria Pathologies in Gebrestadik Shawo General Hospital Kaffa Zone, South West Ethiopia”. Beshada Lemma; Tsige Ketema Malaria is still a major public health concern in Ethiopia, where the two principal parasites Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax co-exsist. Many studies have shown that malaria infection affects the normal hematological parameters. Howevre, link between P.vivax infection alone and hematological parameters are not studeied. Therefore, this study was aimed to investigate the association between hematological parameters and the major severe P.vivax pathologies. Hence, descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at Gebrestadik Shawo General Hospital, Bonga town, south west Ethiopia from Sept. 2023 to July 2024. Also, retrospective data on malaria positivity rate in the Kaffazone (2018 to 2024) was included. A total of 1536 all age group patients with mild (n=768) and severe (n=768) vivax malaria were included in the study. Data on parasitological and clinical symptoms of the patients were collected. A bout 2ml of blood samples was collected from each patient for hematological parameters [Red blood cells (RBC), white blood cells (WBC), and platelat indices] analysis using automated complete blood cells (CBC) machine. Data was analysed using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) software version 26 and statistical tools such as descriptive and inferential statistics, correlation and logistic regression model. Almost all symptoms of severe malarioa pathologies such as cerebral malaria, severe anemia, thrombosytopenia, hypoglycemia and others were documented. Substantial numbers of severe case were found to have leukopenia (19.7%), lymphocytopenia (32.8%), granulocytopenia (32.6%), eosinophilia (97.6%), anemia (78.8%) and thrombocytopenia (60.3%). Vomiting and diarrhea were associated with significant reduction (p<0.05) of monocyte count and hematocrit level, WBC and platelet indices were significantly increased (p<0.05) among these patients. Also, red cells distribution-coefficent of variation (RCD-CV) and lymphocyte measures were significantly increased among patients with vomiting and diarrhea pathologies. In addition, patients with symptom of cerebral malaria had increased level of RCD-CV and Platelet Distribution Width (PDW), while those with hyperparasitemia and pulmonary edema had increased lymphocyte and mean corpescularvolume (MCV), and shock and convolution were significantly increased with increased WBCs and neutrophils. The study showed association between some severe malaria symptoms and hematological parameters. Thus, to obtain sold evidences, further similar study using larger sample size and diverse study setting is important.