Patterns of Admission of Kidney Diseases at Jimma University Specialized Hospital,South West, Ethiopia:Six Month Survey

Abstract

Background:acute kidney injury is sudden deterioration of renal function associated with a markedly increased risk of death in hospitalized individuals .At least 6% of the adult population in the United States has CKD at stages 1 and 2 and 4.5% have stages 3 and 4 CKD.Thepattern of kidneydiseases in Ethiopia and in particular in Jimma are lacking. Objective To assess patterns of kidney diseases admission andtreatment outcome at JUSH medical wards from February 2015-July 2015. Methods and participants:a prospective cross sectionalstudy was conducted forpatients admitted with kidney diseases from February 1, 2015 to July 30,2015. Data was collected by patient interview and medical record review using structured questionnaire containing sociodemographic characteristics, clinicalfeatures, and specific laboratory investigations. Data was obtained from 97 patients admitted with various kidney diseases and was analyzed using SPSS version 20.00 stastical software. Descriptive statistics were used for most of the variables and linear regression was done. A P-value of<0.05 was considered stastically significant. Result:from 97 patients admitted with kidney diseases 52(53.6%) were males. The mean age was 43+ 17. At admission 40% of them have high blood pressure. 36(37.1%), 28(28.9%), 23(23.7%), and 10(10.3 %%) of them have acute, chronic kidney diseases, acute on chronic kidney diseases and acute pyelonephritis respectively. Anemia was found in 75% of patients admitted with kidney diseases. The outcome of treatment of patients was improved in 75.3% and10.3% dead. The average hospital stay was 8+ 5.4 days. Conclusion and recommendation:9.4% of admissionwas due to kidney diseases and majority of them (62.6%) were having CKDwith or without acute insult and anemia was found among the commonest complication. Having early screening and treatment of hypertension and diabetes should be done to prevent the high morbidity and mortality of kidney disease. Admission serum creatinine was found an independent predictor of mortality among patients admitted with kidney disease in this hospital.