Distribution And Associated Risk Factors Of Dyslipidemia Among Hypertensive Patients In Jimma University Specialized Hospita

Abstract

Background: Dyslipidemia and hypertension are established risk factors of prime importance in Cardio Vascular Disease. Both hypertension and dyslipidemia are the most important modifiable risk factor for coronary heart disease, stroke, congestive heart failure, end-stage renal disease (ESRD), and peripheral vascular disease.According to world Health Organization estimates, about 60% of deaths in the world are now caused by non-communicable diseases and out of these deaths more than eighty percent is from developing countries. Objective: To determine the prevalence, distribution and associated risk factors of dyslipidemia among hypertensive patients at hypertensive follow up clinic of Jimma University Specialized Hospital, Jimma, in southwest Ethiopia, from March to August, 2014. Method and Materials: Hospital-based cross sectional study design was conducted for this study and a total of 282 hypertensive patients were selected using simple random sampling method among hypertensive patients who have had follow up at Jimma University Specialized Hospital. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 20.0 computer software. Data was presented with tables and figures. Association between dependent and independent variables had done and statistical significance of the results was tested using Chi- square test with ninety-five percent confidence interval (CI) and with P- value of ≤ 5% (≤ 0.05) for statistically significance and multivariate logistic regression with P- value of ≤ 5% (≤ 0.05) and adjusted odds ratio (AOR) was conducted to identify factors independently was associated with the dependent outcome of the study. Results: Two hundred and eight two hypertensive patients were participated in the study. The prevalence of dyslipidemia among hypertensive patients was 27.7%. Age, central obesity smoking, diabetes mellitus, smoking and divorce were predictors of dyslipidemia among hypertension patients while sex, occupation, residence and religion were not associated with dyslipidemia. Being married were decrease the risk of dyslipidemia by 87%as compared to divorce in hypertensive patients (OR =0.13, 95% CI: 0.04-0.37). Central obesity was increased the risk of dyslipidemia by 7 fold as compared to those who did not have central obesity (AOR=7.90, 95% CI: 2.68-23.32 WITH P-value <0.001). Divorce was increased the risk of dyslipidemia by 6 folds as compared to those who were married (AOR=6.78, 95% CI: 1.91-24.07 with p-value 0.003). Alcohol users were less likely to be dyslipidemic. (OR =4.42, 95% CI: .86-22.86 and p-value 0.0760) Conclusion and Recommendation: Central obesity, co morbidity, smoking and divorce were common as well as strongly associated with dyslipidemia among hypertensive patients in Jimma University Specialized Hospital. On the other hand underweight was also associated with dyslipidemia among hypertensive patients. Among the lipid abnormality pattern hypercholesterolemia was the most common one. We recommend screening and management of these risk factors.