A prospective cross- sectional study on the prevalence and Risk factors of hepatitis b virus infection among patients Admitted to jimma universty specialized hospital, jimma ,oromia region, ethiopia.

Abstract

Background: Viral hepatitis is a systemic infection predominantly affecting the liver. It is estimated that about 2 billion people are infected with HBV worldwide; of which more than 350 million have chronic HBV, and 1. 2 million die from chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The prevalence of Hepatitis B virus and risk factors among admitted patients has not been well studied in Jimma University. Objective: To determine prevalence and risk factors of hepatitis B virus infection among patients admitted to JUSH. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 345 patients by using structured questionnaire with laboratory investigation Systematic Random sampling was used as a sampling technique. Serum hepatitis B surface antigen investigation was done for the assessment of hepatitis B infection. Data was entered into computer and analyzed using SPSS version 20.0 computer software. Associations between independent and dependent variables were assessed using multivariate logistic regression analyses. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used as measure of the strength of association. Data was presented with frequency tables. Results: The mean age was 42.5±16.94 years with M: F ratio 1.85:1. Eighteen (5.2%) of patients were HBsAg positive. Having Chronic liver disease and illicit drugs use were statistically significantly associated with hepatitis B infection (OR =75.25 95% CI, (13.513–419.112), and (OR =30.56 95% CI, (1.890–494.238), respectively. The common co morbidity were HIV and Diabetic mellitus each accounting 17(4.9%) patients. Two hundred eighty nine (83.4%) patients had history of Circumcision. Of these, 279 (96.5%) were at home. Conclusions: The prevalence of hepatitis B infection was 18(5.2%). Chronic liver disease and illicit drugs use were statistically significantly associated with hepatitis B infection.