Risk factors of puerperal sepsis among mothers Who gave birth in jimma university specialized Hospital, south west Ethiopia.

Abstract

Background: Puerperal sepsis is the second cause of maternal morbidity and mortality in the resource poor countries. One‘s susceptibility to developing an infection is related to such factors as cesarean section, prolonged labor, obesity, anemia and poor prenatal nutrition, socio economic status, geographical factors amongst others. Though these risk factors are assumed to be high in Ethiopia it is not well studied in Ethiopia in general and in Jimma University Specialized Hospital in particular. Thus, this study aimed to fill this gap. Objective: - To identify risk factors for puerperal sepsis and determine their association among mothers who gave birth in Jimma university specialized hospital. Method: This research had been conducted in JUSH from March 1-30, 2016. A case control study was conducted to identify risk factors for puerperal sepsis and to determine their association with puerperal sepsis. A sample of 54 cases has been selected by simple random sampling from all cases of puerperal sepsis registered on the log book for the year 2015. By using 2:1 ratio, 108 controls has been selected randomly among all deliveries not encountering puerperal sepsis in the year period by taking sampling frame from the log book. Card numbers has been used to assess the delivery record cards of mothers for both cases and controls and data has been collected by reviewing the record cards using prepared check-list, data collection has been collected by two Bsc nurses who have been recruited from the hospital staffs. Data was entered into SPSS V 20, bivariate and multivariable binary logistic regression model was used to identify factors associated with puerperal sepsis. Odds ratio along with 95%CI was used to declare the level of significance and the strength of the associations. Result:-A total of 54(33.3%) cases and 108(67.7%) controls were included in the study, variables identified as significantly associated with puerperal sepsis were, ANC follow-up (AOR=8.47, 95% CI(2.292, 31.314), prolonged PROM(AOR=8.27 95% CI(1.772, 38.625), anemia (AOR=10.14 95% CI(1.772, 58.061) and the use of prophylaxis antibiotic before delivery(AOR=10.28 95% CI (3.693, 28.638). Conclusion and recommendation:-In this study variables significantly associated with puerperal sepsis were ANC follow-up, prolonged PROM, anemia, and the use of prophylaxis antibiotic before delivery, so it is mandatory to prevent these risk factors of puerperal sepsis.