Prevalence and outcomes of preterm labor and delivery among deliveries in jimma university specialized hospital, south west Ethiopia

Abstract

Abstract Background: Preterm delivery is common obstetric problem and has severe adverse effects on perinatal outcome. However, there is paucity of information on the incidence and outcome of preterm deliveries in Jimma University Specialized Hospital Objectives: To determine the prevalence of preterm labor and deliveries with their obstetrical and neonatal outcomes who delivered in obstetrics ward of Jimma University Specialized Hospital. Method: A cross sectional study was conducted on 140 mothers with preterm labor from December 1, 2013 to November 30, 2014 in Jimma University Specialized Hospital. Data was collected by 10 trained Year II OB/ GYN residents using semi structured interviewer administered questionnaire and document review check list. Data was cleaned, edited, coded and entered to computer and analyzed by SPSS version 20.0 for window. Bi-Variate binary logistic regression analysis was carried out to identify the independent factors for the outcome of early neonatal outcome. Finally the results of the study were presented in tables, and texts. Significant association was declared at P<0.05. Result. One hundred forty cases of preterm labor and one hundred sixty preterm deliveries out of 3414 preterm labor and 3077 preterm live births were occurred respectively. The incidence rate was 4% and 5.2% respectively. Perinatal mortality rate for preterm births is 402 in 1000 live births and early neonatal death rate for NICU admission is 343 in 1000. About 34(37%) ENND at neonatal intensive care unit. Early neonatal death for singleton and multiple pregnancies, 21(37.5%) and 12(41.3%) respectively. About 5(3.5%) of them were in age range less than18 years,9(6.4%) age 35 years and above,111(79.3%) had ANC, 67(47.9%),were major indication for C/S. About 95%, 91.4% and 40.49% favorable outcome of maternal, fetal and neonatal outcome respectively. Interapartum complications were NRFHRP 5(3.6%), APH 11(7.9%) and chorioamnionitis 4(2.9%), cord prolapse 5(3.6%) while. hysterectomy 2(1.4%) postpartum hemorrhage 4(2.8%), were intra partum complication, Endometirits 1(0.7%), is post partum complication .Birth weight(COR=4.2,95%CL[0.03,1.19-15.3),EONNS (AOR=4.8,95%CL[0.04,1.3-17]and poglycemia(AOR=5.38,95%CL[0.001,1.9-13.9L were significantly associated with early neonatal outcome at P<0.05. II Conclusion and recommendation: The study reveals that lower incidence of preterm labor and preterm births with variety of complications to mother, fetus and neonate predicting factors of early neonatal death and siginifeicant case fatality rate. So that can be input for better obstetric and neonatal care and interventions at obstetric and neonatology level. Finally, farther more comprehensive and extended study were recommended. Key words: preterm labor, preterm birth.