Antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of bacterial isolates from Clinical specimen among children in jimma university specialized Hospital

Abstract

Objective: the aim of this study is to assess antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of bacteria isolated from clinical specimen among children visiting Jimma university specialized hospital. Methods and Materials: Clinical samples were collected from children presented to Jimma university specialized hospital from April 1, 2014-June 30, 2014 for infections in different systems. Culture and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of clinical isolates for commonly used antibiotics was done using standard microbiologic techniques. Data were entered and analyzed by using SPSS version 20 soft ware and p value of < o.o5 was considered statistically significant. Results A total of 230 clinical specimen including: soft tissue abscess, eye discharge and body fluids were analyzed and 72 bacteria were isolated(31.3%) with the highest percentage recovered from soft tissue abscess (40.2%) followed by ear discharge (26.4%).From the total bacterial isolates 56(78%) were gram positive and staphylococcus aureus was the predominant isolate 47(65.3%) followed by streptococci pneumonia 7(9.7%). Majority of isolates from soft tissue abscess were staphylococcus aureus(86%).Staphylococcus aureus was the commonest organism cultured from ear discharge 11(57.9%) followed by proteus 4(21.1%),klebsiella ,2(10.5%) and E.coli 1(5.3%). Staphylococcus aureus showed high level of resistance for commonly used antibiotics: ampicilline (89.4% ) , chloramphenicole(89.4%) ,gentamicin (74.5%),cloxacilline (55.3%) and ceftriaxone(44.7%). Resistance rate for klepsella spp.was high for all antibiotics for which it was tested i.e; 83 % for ampicilline,chloramphenicole,gentamicin and ceftriaxone. Streptococcus pneumonia showed better susceptibility for most of the antibiotics for which it was tested: chloramphenicole(14.3%),ampicilline(28.6%) and ceftriaxone (14.3%). There was no statistically significant difference in staphylococcus aures susceptibility pattern between inpatients and out patient isolates (P -value.838) nor between naïve and antibiotic exposed isolates (P -value.838).No statistically significant difference was found in staphylococcus aureus susceptibility pattern among well nourished and malnourished children in this study. Conclusion High level of resistance was found for most of the commonly used antibiotics which mandates culture and susceptibility before prescribing any antibiotics whenever possible.