Determination of Heavy Metal Ions on Glassy Carbon Electrode Modified with Antimony

Abstract

Antimony film electrode formed by ex situ electro deposition on glassy carbon electrode substrate has been investigated by optimizing the suitable condition of voltammetric instrument and plating solution as well as characterizing metals. The electrochemical behavior of the film was studied by cyclic and differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry using model samples of Pb2+ and Cd2+ ions. It was found that −500 mV depositions potential and 45 sec deposition time are optimized conditions for sensitive film fabrication. The detection limit for the characterizing metals was found to be 1.51 and 2.922 nM on antimony modified glassy carbon electrode for cadmium and lead with the linear range of 0.99523 and 0.995 respectively. The highest sensitivity with nano-molar detection limits were achieved on antimony film formed at constant potential for two model analytes. The concentration in real sample of water was recorded as 0.20097 M and 0.016 M for lead and cadmium respectively on modified surface. The modified electrode shows an excellent catalytic activity for the reduction of characterizing metals (Pb2+ and Cd2+ ions). KEYWORDS: Lead, Cadmium, Antimony, Stripping Voltammetery, Glassy Carbon Electrode