Anti-social personality disorder and associated factors among newly admitted prisoners in bench maji zone correctional center, mizan aman, Ethiopia, 2019

Abstract

Background: Antisocial personality disorder is an emerging health and behavioral problems worldwide. Antisocial personality disorder is linked to violence, crime, substance use, and recidivism but little is known about antisocial personality disorder among prisoners in Ethiopia. Objective: To assess the prevalence and associated factors of antisocial personality disorder among newly admitted prisoners in Bench Maji zone correctional center, Mizan Aman, Ethiopia. Methods and materials: An institution based cross-sectional study was conducted from April 20 to July 19, 2019 among newly admitted Bench Maji zone correction center prisoners by using face to face interview. Participants were selected using consecutive sampling technique and data was collected from 411 prisoners by using pretested, semi-structured, interviewer administered questionnaire with standardized psychopathic checklist revised for outcome variable, Moreover, a semi structured interviewer administered questionnaire was used to collect data on socio demographic, substance, environmental, criminal and clinical history. The data was entered into Epi-data 3.1 and exported to SPSS Version 21 for statistical analysis. Logistic regression model was used. P-value < 0.25 at bivariate analysis was considered as candidate for multivariable logistic regression. Then, a variable with p-value less than 0.05 at 95% CI on multivariable logistic regression was declared as independent predictor of antisocial personality disorder Result; in this study the prevalence of antisocial personality disorder was 41.6%. Reconviction [AOR: 2, 95% CI: (1.1-3.8)], risky alcohol use [AOR: 4.6, 95% CI: (2.4-8.7)], childhood maltreatment [AOR): 6, 95% C: (2.2-17.5), poor social support [AOR: 3.5,95% CI: (1.9-6.6)], family history of imprisonment [AOR: 3, 95% CI: 1.5-6.0)] and traumatic life event [AOR: 2.3, 95% CI: (1.1-4.8)]were independently associated variables with antisocial personality disorder. Conclusions and recommendation; antisocial personality disorder is highly prevalent among newly admitted bench maji zone correction center prisoners. Being risky alcohol user, having childhood maltreatment, reconviction, poor social support, family history of prison and having traumatic life event were independently associated with antisocial personality disorder. To solve these problems, holistic and integrated efforts including prison administration, Mizan Tepi University, family members and the surrounding community are needed to be involved.