Caesarean section and associated factors among women delivered at jimma university specialized hospital, south west Ethiopia 2016.

Abstract

Background: - Escalating caesarean section rate is a major public health problem because caesarean section increases the health risk for mothers and babies as well as the cost of health care compared with normal deliveries. Increasing evidence shows that women undergoing caesareans have a less satisfactory childbirth experience than those delivering vaginally and are more prone to postnatal depression, bonding difficulties and unsuccessful breastfeeding. Objective: - To assess prevalence of caesarean section and associated factors among women gave birth at Jimma University specialized hospital, South West Ethiopia. Method: Heath facility based cross sectional study design, which involved both quantitative and qualitative methods of data collection, conducted from March 25 to April 12, 2016. Consecutive sampling technique used to select 250 subjects. Data collected by using structured questionnaires, chart review and key informant in-depth interview. The data analyzed using simple and multivariable logistic regression and statistical associations measured using odd ratio and 95%CI. Qualitative result presented in narratives form with quantitative data. Result: The prevalence of caesarean section was 45.2%. According to this finding, factors significantly associated with caesarean section were mal presentation (AOR: 3.469, 95%CI: 1.142, 10.540), fetal distress (AOR: 4.398, 95% CI: 1.398, 13.837), obstructed labor (AOR: 4.003, 95%CI: 1.089, 14.717). Coming from distance of >1 hour from the health facility (AOR: 3.508, 95%CI: 1.125, 10.945) and being getting an income of 4000Ethiopian Birr and above monthly income (AOR: 4.205, 95%CI: 1.077, 16.421) were significantly associated with caesarean section. Conclusions: Prevalence of caesarean section at Jimma University Specialized Hospital is too higher than World Health Organization recommendations for caesarean section. Most of these factors are manageable by early detection and prevention of obstetric complications and staffing health facilities by trained health care providers for the community at prenatal period. Recommendations: Jimma University Specialized Hospital obstetrics and gynecology department should act according to World Health Organization recommendations to reduce current caesarean rate. They should use partograph for labor and delivery monitoring.