Osteoporosis and associated factors among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Abstract

Background: Osteoporosis is one of the systemic features of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and its prevalence is assumed to be two -to five -folds higher than in age and sex matched healthy subjects. Objective: This study was designed to assess the prevalence of osteoporosis and associated factors among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease attending in chest clinic of Jimma University Specialized Hospital, South West Ethiopia Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we conducted dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry bone mineral density scan of the lumbar spine (2―4) for three repetitive measurements and collected data from patient’s medical chart (doses and frequency of corticosteroid therapy), and other potential factors via structured questionnaires. Data was processed and analyzed using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 21. Binary logistic regression was used to control the confounders, and the strength of the association was expressed in adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). Finally, an association with p-value < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: Among 80 -patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease evaluated; the prevalence of osteoporosis was found to be 33 (41.3%). Further, two variables such as; smoking cigarette [AOR= 4.949; 95% CI: 1.323, 18.508] and doses of corticosteroid therapy [AOR= 4.768; 95% CI: 1.258, 18.065] were found to be significantly associated with osteoporosis (pvalue < 0.05). Conclusion: This study comes with high prevalence of osteoporosis among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Jimma University Specialized Hospital. Factors such as smoking cigarette and doses of corticosteroid therapy were found to be significantly associated with osteoporosis.