Incidence, pattern and management outcome of chronic osteomyelitis at jimma university medical center

Abstract

BACKGROUND:-The end stage of delayed or poorly treated AHO is chronic osteomyelitis (COM). Here, a chronic infection of the involved bone is perpetuated by the presence of a sequestrum. The sequestrum is surrounded by the involucrum. Indolent, recurrent, chronic infection is associated with sinus formation, pain and prolonged disability. Under treatment or delayed treatment of AHO is associated with significant complications, the most significant being chronic osteomyelitis(17). However with early treatment only 3% of patients will have long-term sequel. Chronic osteomyelitis is difficult to eradicate completely. OBJECTIVE:-This study was conducted to determine the incidence, causes and management outcome of chronic osteomyelitis in JUSH. It was stated the socio-demographic characteristics, the presenting sign and symptoms, method of diagnosis, treatment and outcome so as to come up with important recommendations and it can also be used as baseline for further studies. METHODS:-A retrospective study done on all admit cases with a diagnosis of COM from 2014-2017, by using data from patients’ charts. A cross-sectional study was conducted. There was no sampling technique that used. A structured check list was used to collect data. Data was analyzed by SPSS version 23.0 computer software. Data was analyzed and presented with tables, pie charts and bar graphs, association tables between variables was done and the significance of the association was tested by use of P-value and chi-square tests conclusion and recommendation was put in the final paper. RESULT:-In retrospective analysis of the three years from September1, 2014 to August 30, 2017 in JUSH, 108 operated patients with a diagnosis of chronic osteomyelitis were studied. In this study 76.9% were males and 23.1% were females which shows males are more affected than females. Most groups fall in the age range of 11-20 years of age accounting for 51.99 %. And most patients came from rular area accounting for 86.1% and 13.9% were from urban area. The most affected groups were late adolescent and adult age, male sex was most predominant & most common cause of COM was non trauma related. The most common presenting symptom and signs are swelling and discharging sinus.