Sero prevalence and factors associated with hepitites B surfase antigen among antenatal care attendants in Shakiso woreda, guji zone, southern oromia, ethiopia

Abstract

Background: Potential mother to child transmission of Hepatitis B virus is a major concern, because of the associated long-term morbidity and mortality of the infection. Most chronic Hepatitis B Virus infections occur during childhood. The presence of Hepatitis B surface Antigen among Hepatitis B positive mothers is an indicator of active infection and the potential for mother to child transmission of Hepatitis B virus infection. An attempt has been made to provide recent data on prevalence and factors associated with Hepatitis B surface Antigen. Objective: To determine the sero prevalence and factors associated with Hepatitis B surface Antigen among antenatal care attendants in Shakiso woreda. Method and Materials: Facility based crossectional study design was conducted among 422 consecutively enrolled antenatal care attendants at the four health centers in Shakiso woreda. Data on potential risk factors were collected using interview and Bioline HBsAg One step qualitative test was used for screening blood samples. Data was entered, checked and cleaned by Epidata Version 3.1 and exported to statistical package for social science version 16 for analysis. Descriptive, bivariate and multivariate analysis was performed. Result: Four hundred seventeen pregnant women attended the four health facilities antenatal care clinics from April 21/2014 to May 9/2014 were consecutively enrolled in this study. The overall prevalence of Hepatitis B surface Antigen among antenatal care attendants in Shakiso woreda was 6.9%. Unsafe abortion, unsafe dental procedure and history of multiple sexual partners were the identified risk factors of hepatitis B virus infection. Those pregnant women having exposure to unsafe dental procedure and unsafe abortion were about five fold at higher risk of having hepatitis B virus infection (AOR=4.703 and 5.386) respectively and those pregnant women experienced history of multiple sexual partner were about eight times at higher risk of contracting hepatitis B virus infection (AOR=7.953). Conclusion and recommendation: There is an intermediate Hepatitis B surface Antigen Seroprevalence rate among antenatal care attendants in Shakiso woreda. Hence, incorporating screening Hepatitis B surface Antigen among antenatal care attendants in Shakiso woreda as routine package and having public health measures to control its associated risk factors is mandatory