Management Outcome of Preeclampsia/Eclampsia in Saint Luke Catholic Hospital, Woliso, South west Ethiopia: A Retrospective study

Abstract

Background:-Pre-eclampsia is a major cause of morbidity and mortality for the woman and her child. Based on surveillance data, pre-eclampsia is one of the leading causes of maternal mortality in Ethiopia. Objective:- The aim of the study is to determine the prevalence and management outcomes of preeclampsia among patients who had been treated in St Luke Catholic Hospital, South West Ethiopia. Methods: - Hospital based retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on patients managed from January 1/2008 to December 30/2012 in St Luke Catholic Hospital. The data was collected using structured checklist and entered into SPSS version16 for analysis. Frequencies and cross tabulation were computed. Result: Out of 118 patients included in the study, 68 were primigravida and 50 multigravida. The age of the patients was between 18 – 45 years. Majority (45.8%) of the mothers were below the age of 25 years. The incidence of preeclamptia/ eclampsia was 9.5/1000 deliveries. Severe preeclampsia accounted for 56.8% of the cases followed by eclampsia (27.1%). Out of 118 patients 7 patients developed convulsion, 5 acute renal failure, 8 patients had HELLP syndrome, 8 had abruptio placentae and 5 developed PPH. Out of 118 patients 108 patients were discharged, 7 patients died and 3 referred. With 21 still births and 13 ENND preclampsia/eclampsia yields the perinatal mortality of 288/1000 births. Conclusion:- Pre-eclampsia and eclampsia are one of the five direct causes of maternal death. According to this study, most of the severe preclamptic and eclamptic women were from rural area. Majority (73.8%) of the cases occur before 37 completed weeks of GA that leads to preterm birth and its complication. Almost all perinatal deaths were the result of prematurity that require neonatal ICU admission with specialized care.