Oral health status Psychiatric in- patients attending ST.Amanual specialized Psychiatric hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Abstract

BACKGROUND: - Psychiatric disorders are known to be a risk factor for the development of different oral health problems especially for dental caries and periodontal disease and also many patients suffering from psychiatric illness are on medication for long periods, These medications frequently cause xerostomia leading to an increased risk of caries, gingivitis, periodontitis and stomatitis In spite of this fact some study has been conducted to reveal its magnitude in Ethiopia. Objective:-The main objective of this study is to determine the oral health status of psychiatric in- patients attending ST.Amanual specialized Psychiatric hospital. Methods: - A hospital based cross sectional study was conducted with appropriate sample size of 153.the data will be collected by doing oral examination and interviewing of the patient all of the data will be recorded by using structured questioner, the data will be analyzed with Spss window, version17 and also different variables will be associated by using statistical association like Chi-chart, and p-value. Result and discussion: - from the total of 150 patients take part in the study 87(55.3%) are male and 63(44.7%) are female and most of the patients are diagnosed with bipolar and schizophrenia which h accounts 33.3% and 44.7% respectively .the rest are 8.7% and 2% had depression and epilepsy respectively. among the patients 103 (68.7%) clean their tooth and 47(31.3%) don’t clean their tooth .89(59.3%) of patient experiencing gum bleeding. CPI -S ranges from around 3 in 46 of the patients. the caries status which is expressed in DMFT is in mean average of 0.51. the patients admitted to the warred in between 1-2 years are 47% ,less than 1 year are 34% ,2-4 year are 16% and the rest are staying for more than 5 year. The average plaque index of the patient is 0.77, the calculus index of the patient is1.15 and the oral hygiene index of the patients is 1.9.only Conclusion and recommendation:- The oral health status of the psychiatric patients was poor. Thus, health education about oral hygiene should Be given for psychiatric patients so they can avoid the frequent intake of sweets, smoking and learn correct tooth brushing technique.