Retrospective study on prevalence and Cause of maxillofacial bone fracture at Jimma univeristy specialized hospital dental Clinic

Abstract

Back ground:-Trauma to the facial region can result in fracture to major skeletal components of face including the Mandible, Maxilla, Zygoma and Nasal bone structures. The major cause of maxillofacial trauma includes motor vehicle accident, falls, interpersonal violence, sport related accidents, and work related accidents. Objective:- The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence and cause of maxillofacial bone fracture at Jimma university specialized hospital dental clinic from January 1 to December 31 2012. Method:- A retrospective study was conducted on 183 patient’s card to investigate the cause and prevalence of maxillofacial bone fracture using Systemic random sampling technique by recording all complain of maxillofacial bone fracture from January 1 to December 31 2012,then the interval was determined by using N/n formula which was 4.the first medical chart was selected by lottery method then by adding the interval number to the first medical chart a total of 183 chart was reviewed. the data was collected by three trained dental interns who work in dental clinic of JUSH using structured questionnaire from cards of previously examined patient's. The data was cleared, code and analyzed manually. At the end result of this study was present by statement, figures and tables. Result:- Most traumas occurred in adults with age range from 21-30 years old. Males were more affected than females. Assault (fighting) was the major cause for maxillofacial trauma. The commonly affected bone was the mandible. Most of the cases were with one fracture line and closed reduction was the most common treatment modality for the patients who visited JUSH Dental clinic from January 1 to December 31, 2012.Conclusion: There were a relationship between the prevalence of maxillofacial bone fracture and age and sex of patient's who visited JUSH, dental clinic from January 1 to December 31, 2012. Recommendation: Maxillofacial trauma may cause serious cosmetic and functional deformities so early reduction, stabilization of fractures, as well as bone or soft tissue grafting is necessary