Prevalence of periodontal disease among type I and type II diabetes mellitus patients who are on follow up treatment in JUSH diabetic clinic in the year 2012/13 Jimma University

Abstract

Background:-People with diabetes mellitus are more likely to have periodontal diseases than people without diabetes. Periodontal disease is now considered the sixth complication of diabetes mellitus. On the other hand, periodontal disease may make it more difficult for people who have diabetes to control their blood sugar. But little information is available about diabetic patients who are on follow up treatment in JUSH diabetic clinic as well as all over the country concerning these relationships. Objective:-The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of periodontal disease in type I and type II diabetic patients who are on follow up treatment in Jimma University specialized hospital Diabetic Clinic. Methods and materials:- A cross sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence of periodontal disease in type I and type II diabetic patients in JUSH diabetic clinic. And non probability convenience sampling technique was used to include voluntary diabetic patients during data collection period data was collected using structured questionnaire and data examination. Results and discussion: Out of 189 DM patients 152 patients were type I and the rest were type II. Regarding severity of periodontitis, significant association were found among age and sex with p value 0.000 and 0.002 respectevely, which agree with study done in US. Also had asossiation with place ofresidency and duration of DM with p value 0.002 and 0.000 respectively in which the later is similar with study done in Singapore which says duration of DM affect severity of periodontal disease. But no association found with religion, ethnic group and education level with p value 0.69, 0.211 and 0.070 respectively. Regarding CPITN score most patients 36.2% had score of 1 and 33.6% had score of 3. Conclusion: Most of DM patients especially type II are affected by severe periodontisis , especially patients with controlled blood sugar level. Recommendation: oral health education should be given for DM patents to prevent periodontal diseases. All DM patients should control their blood sugar level to prevent its impact on periodontium.