Psychotropic medications induced movement disorders and associated factors amongpatientswith mental illness attending follow up treatment at jimma universitymedical center psychiatry clinic, jimma,southwest, Ethiopia

Abstract

Background Drug induced movement disorders remain a significant burden especially among patient populations taking psychotropic medications. They are associated with adverse effects that can lead to subjective suffering, stigma, poor compliance to medication and poor quality of life. However, they are unrecognized and overlooked in clinical settings. Objectives: To assess psychotropic medications induced movement disorders & associated factors among mentally ill patients attending follow up treatment at Jimma University Medical Center psychiatry clinic, Jimma, Southwest Ethiopia, 2019. Methods: Institution based cross-sectional study design was conducted. A total of 420 participants were selected by systematic random sampling techniques. Data was collected by semi structured interviewer administered questionnaire and document was reviewed to obtain patient profile. Psychotropic medications induced movement disorders was assessed by using Extra Symptom Rating Scale after informed consent was obtained from respondents. Data entry was done by Epi data version 3.1 and analysis was done by SPSS 22.0statistical software. Binary Logistic regression was used for comparison of the subjects with and without drug-induced movement disorders and multivariate logistic regression were used to identify independent factors. The p-value of <0.05 will be considered as statistically Significant. Results: The overall prevalence of psychotropic medication induced movement disorder was 40.7% (CI 95%: 36.1, 45.6):- drug induced Parkinsonism 14.4% (CI 95%: 11.0, 18.3), drug induced akathisia 12.4% (CI 95%: 9.3, 15.4), drug induced tardive dyskinesia 15.4% (CI 95%: 12.0, 19.3) and tardive dystonia 2.2% (CI 95%: 1.7, 3.7) respectively. Conclusions and Recommendation: The prevalence of psychotropic medications induced movement disorder in this study was high. Khat was positively associated with drug induced akathisia and smoking was negatively associated with tar dive dyskinesia. Sex and age were positively associated with most of drug induced movement disorders. Routine psycho-education for the patients and families, designing treatment guideline and providing drugs with minimal side effects is important to reduce these stigmatizing side effects.