Assessment of lipid profile and glycemic control among diabetic patients at Wachemo university nigist elleni mohammad memorial referral and teaching hospital, Hossana, southern Ethiopia

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is common hormonal disorder that shares the phenotype of hyperglycemia which results in dyslipidemia and diabetic complication. The fundamental method for glycemic control is hemoglobin A1c rather than fasting blood glucose, so current study used hemoglobin A1c. Objective: To assess lipid profile and glycemic control among diabetic patients at Wachemo University Nigist Elleni Mohammad Memorial Referral and Teaching Hospital, Hossana, Southern Ethiopia from May1 to June 30; 2020. Method: A hospital based cross sectional study was conducted; involving 307 diabetic patients at follow up and selected by systematic random sampling technique. Interviewer administered questionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic, clinical and behavioral characteristics. Five milliliter of venous blood sample was collected from each study participant after overnight fasting. Level of lipid profile, fasting blood glucose and hemoglobin A1c were measured by Cobas 4000 series cobas c311Basel, Switzerland. The data were entered into Epi data version 3.1 and analyzed by SPSS version 20. Data were summarized by tables, graph and descriptive statistics. Mann-whiteny U test, spearman’s correlation, bivariable and multivariable logistic regression were used. P-value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Result: Overall, 253(82.4%) of the patients had hemoglobin A1c≥7% and dyslipidemia was 266(86.6%). Having history of diabetic complication (AOR: 7.093, 95% CI 1.725-29.163), duration of diabetes ≥7 years (AOR: 4.096, 95%CI 1.388-12.089), lack of home glucometer usage AOR: 8.276, 95%CI 1.613-42.461), lack of practice of regular physical exercise (AOR: 5.503, 95%CI 1.601-18.9) and dyslipidemia (AOR: 2.743, 95%CI 1.129-6.662) were significantly associated with poor glycemic control. Waist circumference and lack of home glucometer usage were also significantly associated with dyslipidemia. Conclusion: The prevalence of poor glycemic control and dyslipidemia among diabetic patients were high, therefore strategic and timely intervention is needed on associated factors to delay diabetic complication and improve health of diabetic patients.