prevalence of depression and associated factors among patients with hypertension attending follow up treatment at jimma university medical center, jimma, southwest Ethiopia, 2019

Abstract

Background: Depression is one the most common chronic mental illnesses causing huge burden worldwide. When it occurs with hypertension it leads to non adherence to antihypertensive medications and life style modification. In addition to this it can result in complication of hypertension, increased health service utilization, functional disability and poor quality of life. Objectives: To assess the prevalence and associated factors of depression among patients with hypertension attending follow up treatment at Jimma University Medical Center (JUMC), Jimma, southwest Ethiopia, 2019. Methods: A hospital based cross sectional study design was employed. Data was collected by interviewer administered pre-tested and structured questionnaire from 344 consecutively selected patients with hypertension attending follow up treatment at JUMC. Depression status was assessed by using patient Health questionnaires-9(PHQ-9). Data was entered into Epi data version 3.1 and exported to Statistical Package for Social Sience version 22(SPSS 22.0) for analysis. Bivariate and multivariate Logistic regressions were computed to test association between independent variables and outcome variable. Adjusted odd ratio (AOR) with 95% confidence interval was calculated to test strength of association and Statistical significance was set at p-value of < 0.05 in the final regression model. Results: The prevalence of depression in the study participants was 38.1 %( 95% CI: 32.5, 43.6). low medication adherence (AOR=3.04; 95% of CI: 1.45,6.38), diagnosed comorbid chronic physical illness (AOR=4.14; 95%CI: 2.01,8.56), family history of hypertension (AOR=3.52; 95% of CI: 1.72,7.21), poor social support(AOR=4.22; 95% of CI: 1.96,9.11), moderate to high perceived stress level(AOR=5.92;95%CI: 3.01,11.64), and treatement duration greater than 10 years(AOR=3.74; 95%CI: 1.21,11.58) were variables become signinifantly associated with depression in this study. Conclusion and recommendation: there is high prevalence of depression in study the participants. Low medication adherence, having comorbid chronic physical illness, having family history of hypertension, poor social support, having moderate to high perceived stress level and greater than 10 years duration on treatment were factors signinifantly associated with depression in the study. So ruitine screening of depression among patients with hypertension by considering the above stated factors is crucial for early detection and management.