Factors related to poor tuberculosis treatment outcome in Jimma university specialized hospital: A prospective cohort study

Abstract

Background - Tuberculosis has been one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in Ethiopia for long. Treatment outcome of tuberculosis is sub optimal nationally. An understanding of the factors predisposing to poor outcome may allow the development of adjunctive treatment strategies or closer clinical monitoring in high-risk individual. Objective – The main objective of the study was to describe the outcomes of tuberculosis treatment and to identify factors associated with poor treatment outcome. Methods and Materials - A prospective cohort study was conducted on all tuberculosis patients between November 2013 and September 2014 E.C. Data was collected using structured questionnaire. Data was cleaned, edited and entered to SPSS window version 16.0 for analysis. The strength of correlation between variables was tested by logistic regression analysis. The values of p< 0.05 were considered statistically significant. The results are depicted with tables and figures. Results - A total of 193 tuberculosis patients with pulmonary(61.2%) and extrapulmonary (38.8%) tuberculosis were involved in the study with a median age of 26+ 12. The rate of unsuccessful treatment outcome was 11.4 %. HIV co-infection (OR 21.88 p-0.00) and meningeal involvement (OR 4.77 p-0.05) significantly increase poor treatment outcome. Conclusion and Recommendation – HIV co-infection and meningeal involvement increases rate of poor outcome. Such patients demand close follow up and further study is recommended to find out and solve the factors behind poor outcome in these group. Budget and Project Time- Project was conducted by the finance from CBE office of Jimma University between November 2013 and April 2014E.C