A Research Paper Submitted To Jimma University, Institute Of Health, Faculty of Medicine, Department Of Pathology for The Partial Fulfillment of Specialty Diploma In Anatomic Pathology

Abstract

Background: Ovaries are one of the common sites of neoplasm in females. These neoplasms affect women of all age groups and manifest in wide spectrum of clinical, morphological and histological features. Even though there are geographical and racial differences in the frequency, types and age distribution of primary ovarian tumors, currently there is increament of morbidity and mortality due to ovarian tumors worldwide and it is the third most common site of primary malignancy in female genital tract. However, data about the clinical and pathological characteristics of ovarian tumors in Ethiopia and its neighboring countries is limited. Objective: The aim of this study was to examine different histopathologic types and associated factor of primary ovarian tumors in Jimma University Medical Center, Jimma, from September 2015-August 2019. Methods and materials: A five years retrospective cross sectional study design was employed. Data was gathered from ovarian biopsy diagnosis reports from samples submitted to pathology department as of September 11, 2015 - September10, 2019 by using prepared checklist and data was entered to Epi data version 3.1, analyzed by SPSS version 26 and finally presented using narration, tables and graphs. Result:Majority(73.04%) of the ovarian tumors were benign followed by malignant(20.58%) and borderline tumor(6.38%). Among which, Surface epithelial tumors were the most common (64.64%), followed by germ cell tumor (25.80%) and sexcord stromal tumor (8.12%). The commonest benign tumor was Serous cystadenoma (42%) followed by mature teratoma (20.9%). Serous cystadenocarcinoma (8.1%) was the most common malignant ovarian tumor. Most (65%) malignant tumors occurred in age greater than 40 years. Most malignant tumors (71%) had solid component. About 11.42% of ovarian tumors were bilateral out of which 20.5% were malignant. Most (69.8%) malignant tumor had large size greater than or equal to15cm. Of all malignant ovarian tumors more than a quarter (29%) showed omental involvement and Serous cystadenocarcinoma accounted for most (77.8%) of the cases. Out of the malignant iii tumors majority 83.3% had papillary excrescence and presence of papillary excrescence(p=0.013, AOR = 11.911, 95% CI = 1.703–83.324) was the most important predictor of malignant surface epithelial ovarian tumor. Conclusion: In this study benign tumors outnumbered malignant and borderline tumor. Most ovarian tumors were surface epithelial tumors with predominance of serous, followed by germ cell tumors. The commonest histopathologictypes of benign and malignant ovarian neoplasm wereserous cystadenoma and serous cystadenocarcinoma respectively. Age, size, consistency, laterality and presence of papillary excrescence were variables that affected the malignant nature of tumor, out of which the most powerful independent predictor of malignant nature of surface epithelial tumors was the presence of papillary excrescence.