Histopathological Patterns of Prostate Biopsy in Jimma University Medical Center, Jimma, Southwest Ethiopia: A Five-year retrospective study

Abstract

Introduction: the frequency of prostate disorders, such as prostatitis, benign hyperplasia, and carcinomas that are sent to pathology for diagnosis, is increasing. Histological examination is important because different disorders can be diagnosed with the best accuracy. Benign prostate hypertrophy is a common disorder of the prostate. The prevalence of BPH increases from 20% at 40 years of age to 90% by the eighth decade of life. Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignancies in men. Compared with European Americans, African American men are 1.7 times more likely to develop prostate cancer, are generally younger at diagnosis and are approximately 2.5 times more likely of dying from the disease Objective: To identify histopathologic patterns of prostate biopsy, seen at the pathology department of Jimma university medical center, from Sept. 2014 to Aug 2019. Method: a hospital-based retrospective cross-sectional study design was applied to records of patients seen at JUMC pathology department with a prostate specimen conducted from September 2014 to August 2019. Data was collected using structured checklists manually by histopathology technicians working in the department. Data were entered into Epi data v.3.1., cleared and exported to SPSS V.23 for analysis Result: There were 235 cases of patients with prostate mass. All were broadly classified into benign in 181 (77.02%) cases, intraepithelial neoplasm in 4(1.7%), and malignant in 50 (21.28%) cases. The age of the patients ranged from 42 to 87 years, with the mean age of 65.40±9.24 years. The age group 60-69 (7 th decade) was in which most cases 102 (43.4%) were seen. Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) was the most common histological lesion in 181 cases (77.02%) and of these BPH 47 (26.11%) were associated with prostatitis. Out of 50 cases of prostatic cancer, adenocarcinoma was the most common histological type encountered in 49 (98%) cases and a single rhabdomyosarcoma. Conclusion: The pattern of prostatic diseases in JUMC was found to be similar to other reports in Africa and the world. BHP was the most encountered lesion seen in the prostate and was associated with prostatitis. seventh decade was the age group both BPH and malignancy most found.