Prevalence of Dysglycemia and associated factors in Jimma Town, SW Ethiopia: A community based Cross-sectional study.

Abstract

Background: Type 2 Diabetes, which accounts for ∼90–95% of those with diabetes, remains largely undiagnosed and has long asymptomatic period before patients present with complications. Patients with type 2 diabetes are typically older than 40 years and frequently obese. Most frequently the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes is made after routine blood testing in asymptomatic persons. ADA guideline recommends routine screening for adults older than 40 years and at earlier age in those with risk factors. Objective: To assess the prevalence of Dysglycemia (T2DM and IFG) and associated factors for Adults older than 40yrs living in Jimma Town, southwest Ethiopia. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted using WHO STEPWISE tool for surveillance of NCDs. Data was collected by face-to-face interview and measurement of Anthropometry, Blood pressure and Fasting Blood sugar using pre-tested questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS 20. Logistic regression was used to identify associated factors with Dysglycemia and the result was presented by text, tables and figures. Results: The overall prevalence of Dysglycemia is 18.6% (49/264) among adults older than 40yrs.T2DM accounts for 5.7% (15/264) and IFG for 12.9% (34/264). Physical inactivity [COR =2.5, 95%CI (1.2, 5.36)], and waist circumference [COR=2.98, 95%CI (1.5, 5.9)] are positively associated with dysglycemia. Presence of family history of DM [AOR=2.45, 95%CI (1.08, 5.52)] , Being Overweight [AOR=3.8, 95%CI(1.84, 7.95)] and Obese [AOR=7.78, 95%CI(2.90, 20.91)] are Independent predictors of dysglycemia. Conclusion: In this study, there was high prevalence of Dysglycemia. Physical inactivity and central obesity (Waist circumference) are positively associated with dysglycemia, while having family history of DM, or Higher BMI (Overweight or Obese) are risk factors for dysglycemia.