Prevalence of hyperuricemia and its association with metabolic syndrome in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in hawassa comprehensive specialized hospital

Abstract

Background: - Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with cardiovascular complications, of which metabolic syndrome (Mets) plays a prominent role. The metabolic syndrome is a cluster of cardiovascular risk factors that is characterized by central obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia and hypertension. Hyperuricemia is a condition in which the subject has increased serum uric acid levels. Studies have noted that an elevated level of uric acid predicts the development of diabetes, obesity, hypertension and metabolic syndrome. Methods: - Institution based cross sectional study was conducted in Hawassa Comprehensive Specialized Hospital medicine department from February to June 2017. A diabetes mellitus patient who visited the hospital during the study period and fulfilled the inclusion criteria was selected by using simple random sampling technique. A total of 314 subjects were included in the study. The data was collected by nurses who had previous data collection experience using standardized quastionnaeries. About 5 milliliters (ml) of venous blood sample was drawn from each study participant after overnight fasting. The collected data was entered in to Epidata and analyzed by using SPSS version 20 software. Bivariate and Multivariate Logistic Regression analysis (if p>0.2 for Bivariate) was used to determine the association between explanatory variables and the outcome variable. Statistical significance was declared at P value<0.05. Result: - The prevalence of hyperuricemia among the study participants was 33.8% and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 70.1%. Hyperuricemia was significantly associated with Metabolic syndrome (P=0.004).Hyperuricemia was strongly correlated with Triglycerides (P<0.001), Diastolic blood pressure (p=0.006), systolic blood pressure (p<0.0001), and Waist circumference (p<0.0001). Conclusion:-The prevalence of hyperuricemia and metabolic syndrome among T2DM was high and hyperuricemia was associated with metabolic syndrome. Hyperuricemia also correlated with some of the components of metabolic syndrome.Recommendation: T2DM better be checked for their uric acid level and further research should be conducted with better study design.