Prevalence of Intestinal Parasitic Infection and Associated Risk Factors among Food Handlers in Wachemo University Students’ Cafeteria, Southern, Ethiopia

Abstract

Background: In developing countries like Ethiopia intestinal parasites is one of the food-borne diseases. Therefore, regular evaluation of food handlers for their health status, including screening for the prevalence of parasites is important. Objective: To assess prevalence and predictors of intestinal parasitic infections among food handlers working in Wachemo University students’ cafeteria, Southern, Ethiopia. Methods: A cross- sectional study design was conducted. Socio-demographic data and associated risk factors were gathered using semi structured questionnaire. The prevalence of parasites was assessed following standard parasitological method assisted by professionals. Data were coded, cleaned and entered into Epi data 3.3.1 and then analyzed using SPSS Version 20. Statistical significance was assessed using Binary and Multiple logistic regression model, odds ratios and 95% CIs, P values less than 0.05 was used as cut off point for statistical significance. Informed consent was obtained and confidentiality assured. Results: A total of 212 food-handlers working at cafeteria of Wachemo University were participated in the study. The majority of study participants were females 135(63.7 %). Of the 212 stool specimens examined, about 63 (29.7 %) were found to be positive for different intestinal parasites with the most prevalent parasite Ascaris lumbercoids 27 (12.7%) followed by Hookworms 14(6.6%), Giardia lamblia 10(4.7%), Taenia saginata 5 (2.4%), and Mixed infection 7 (3.3%). Out of the 212 finger nail content specimens, 12 (5.6%) were positive for one or more parasites. The prevalence of intestinal parasites was significantly associated with risk factors such as sex, education, finger nail status and hand washing with soap and water after toilet use. Conclusion: The present study revealed a moderate prevalence of intestinal parasites among food handlers. Since most of the intestinal parasites are transmitted by the feco-oral route, food handlers could be an important source of infection to the students and general population. So that giving health education about personal hygiene for food handlers recommended.