Prevalence of pressure ulcer and associated factors among hospitalized patients in public hospitals sidama zone, south nations, nationalities, and peoples‟ regional state, Ethiopia, 2017

Abstract

Background: On average, 60,000 people die each year worldwide due to pressure ulcer related causes. Even though, few studies reported the prevalence of pressure ulcer in some part of Ethiopia, there is paucity of information related to pressure ulcer in Sidama Zone. Objectives: To Assess prevalence of Pressure Ulcer and Associated Factors among Hospitalized Adult Patients in Public Hospitals in Sidama Zone; South Nations Nationalities, and Peoples‟ Regional State, Ethiopia, 2017. Methods: Institution based cross sectional study design was conducted On 356 subjects. Multi stage sampling technique was employed to reach individual study subjects. Data was collected using Structured Questionnaire and entered in to EPI- data version 3.1, and was analyzed by using Statistical Package for Social Science version 20. Descriptive statistics, Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression were computed to assess statistical association using Odds Ratio. Significant of statistical association was assured or tested using 95% confidence interval and p value (<0.05). Results: of all study respondents 212(59.6%) were in age range of 18-39 years, 218(61.2%) female 267(75.0%) married, 230(64.6%) Rural residents and 200(56.2%) Protestant by Religion, 112 (31.5%) cannot read and write. fifty six (15.7%) out of 356 patients admitted to selected Public Hospitals in sidama Zone developed pressure ulcer. Position change (95% CI: AOR, 4.346(1.646,11.473), Body mass index Less than 18.5 kg/m2 (95% CI: AOR, 6.91(1.307, 36.554), occasionally Moist (95% CI: AOR, 4.734(1.999,11.234), bed fast in activity (95% CI: AOR, 13.365(1.622,110.138), very limited in Mobility (95% CI: AOR, 10.661(1.256,90.494) significant factor associated with the development of Pressure ulcer. Conclusion: the Overall prevalence of pressure ulcer on this study is high. Position change, Body Mass Index, Activity, mobility, moisture, and Antimicrobial, were significantly associated with pressure ulcer; Each Public Hospitals should Perform Risk and comprehensive assessment for all patients as soon as possible after admission, Provision of training for Nurses on Manual handling techniques when positioning and transferring patients, and if, health condition patients permit nurses should reposition patient every two hours.