Lipid profile among hypertensive diabetic patients at Debre markos comprehensive specialized hospital, Debre markos, northwest, Ethiopia

Abstract

Background: Diabetes is a chronic disease characterized by hyperglycemia with a disturbances in the metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins. The coexistence of hypertension and dyslipidemia with diabetes is responsible for increased morbidity and mortality among diabetes patients. However,data on the status of lipid profile among hypertensive diabetic patient is limied in the study area and the lipid profile of the patients is not well studied in Ethiopia. Objective: To assess lipid profile of hypertensive diabetic patients in comparison with normotensive diabetic patients at Debre Markos Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Debre Markos, Northwest, Ethiopia from June 14 to August 26 ,2020. Methods: A hospital-based comparative cross-sectional study was conducted by involving 162 (81 hypertensive diabetic and 81 normotensive diabetic) participants using consecutive sampling technique. Five millileters of blood was collected from an overnight fasting individual using serum separator tube. Socio-demographic data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Serum lipid profiles were measured using Biochem FC-200 analyzer. Data were coded and entered into SPSS version 25 for analysis. A comparison of lipid profiles between hypertensive diabetic and normotesive diabetic diabetic patients were done by an independent t-test. Result: A total of 162 (50% hypertensive diabetic and 50% normotensive diabetic) study participants participated in this study. The overall prevalence of dyslipidemia among hypertensive and normotensive diabetic patients was 76(93.8%) and 54 (67.7%), respectively. Triglycerides, total cholesterol, and LDL-C were significantly higher in hypertensive diabetic patients compared to normotensive diabetic patients while, high density lipoprotein was significantly lower in hypertensive diabetic patients compared to normotensive diabetic patients. Conclusion: Higher mean levels of TC, LDL, and TG and lower mean levels of HDL concentaration was found in hypertensive diabetic patients than normotensive diabetic patients. Hypertensive diabetic had high dyslipidemia prevalence as compared to normotensive diabetic patients. There were statistically significant positive correlations between SBP and DBP with TC, TG, and LDL-C. Recommendations: There should be frequent monitoring of lipid profile for diabetes patients. Further studies should be conducted with larger sample size using prospective study.