Synthesis of Zno Nanoparticles And Fe Doped Zno Nano composite Using Zingiber Officinal Root Extract and Evaluation Of Their Antibacterial Activities

Abstract

Oxide semiconductors have attracted increasing interest due to their potential in solving environmental problems. The development of antibiotic resistance of bacteria is one of the most pressing problems in world health care. One of the promising ways to overcome microbial resistance to antibiotics is the use of metal oxide nanoparticles and their dopants. This work aims to investigate the synthesis of ZnO NPs and Fe doped ZnO NCs (1%,3%, and 5%) using aqueous Zingibeer Officianale root extract via biosynthesis and evaluation of its antibacterial activities. The synthesized nanoparticles and nanocomposites were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-Vis spectrophotometer, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The optical band gaps were calculated to be Eg = 3.12 eV and Eg = 3.0 eV for ZnO NPs and 1% Fe doped ZnO NCs respectively. Functional groups present in the extract, NPs, and NCs were confirmed by FTIR spectroscopy. The average particle size calculated from the XRD pattern for ZnO NPs and Fe doped ZnO nanocomposite were 23 and 19.6 nm respectively. SEM analysis showed that ZnO nanoparticles were a granular size and has irregular spherical morphology while with Fe doped ZnO nanocomposite there is dispersion with less agglomeration as well as regular distribution of ZnO NPs. The synthesized NPs and NCs were tested for their antibacterial properties on two Gram-negative bacteria: Escherichia coli (E.coli) and Salmonella typhi (S.typhi) and two Gram-positive bacteria: Bacillus cerius (B.cerius) and Staphylococcus aureus (S.aurus). The results showed that ZnO NPs have an antibacterial inhibition zone of 10 mm and 14 mm against E. coli and S. aureus, and 15 mm and 9 mm against B. cereus and S. typhi respectively at a concentration of 50 mg/mL. Those synthesized NPs and NCs were more effective on Gram-negative bacteria than gram-positive. Thus, the bactericidal activity of Fe doped ZnO NCs was more prominent with S. aureus and B. cerius than S.typhi and E. coli bacteria and when compared to ZnO NPs.