Assessment of treatment outcome and associated factors among mdr-tb patients in shanan gibe general hospital, south west Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

Abstract

Background: The emergence of drug resistance tuberculosis, particularly MDR-TB has become a major public health problem in a number of countries and an obstacle to the global TB control efforts. Information on treatment outcomes among patient with multi drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) were limited from different parts of treatment initiation centers like Jima, even if there are MDR-TB initiation Centers in our country. Objective: We aimed to assess the treatment outcome and associated factors of MDR-TB patients in Shanan Gibe MDR-TB Treatment Initiation Center; during March 2013 to March 2020. Methods: Health facility based retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted. Check-list containing Socio-demographic, clinical characteristics and investigations were used. Data were cleaned, coded and entered into Epi-Data manager 4.6 and exported to STATA version 16.0 for analysis. A multivariable logistic regression were employed. Result: A total of 70 MDR-TB patients were managed from March 2013 to March 2020. And 68.6% were cured, 17.1% died, 11.4% had treatment completion, and 2.9% lost to follow up. Overall favorable MDR-TB treatment outcome was 80%. As the age increases by one year the odds of having favorable treatment outcome decreases by 6% (AOR=0.94 [95% C.I, .88, .99]). Patients who did develop adverse drug side effect were 99.03% (AOR=0.07 [95% C.I, .01, .71]) less likely to have favorable treatment outcome as compared with their counterparts. Conclusion: About one in five MDR-TB patients had unfavorable treatment outcome. Being younger age and not experiencing adverse drug side effects were found to be statistically significant factors associated with favorable MDR-TB treatment outcome. Early initiation of treatment and appropriate drugs with minimal side effects are recommended to increase the favorable treatment outcome for MDR-TB patients and further study should be done to determine other factors that are associated with poor treatment outcome.