Assessment of Maxillary Incisors Root Restoration Between Treatments and Its Associated Factors in Patients Attending Jimma University Medical Center Orthodontic Unit for More Than 6 Month. Jimma, Ethiopia - 2022.

Abstract

ackground: Root resorption is a pathological process characterized by the loss of dental root substance as a result of inflammation caused. It is one of the most undesirable consequence of orthodontic treatment is consider as the second most common side effect of orthodontic treatment following white spot lesions in tooth enamel. It could be internal root resorption where the tooth loss starts within the pulp chamber of intact teeth & it extend outward toward the tooth surface; it’s relatively rare or it could be external root resorption where the tooth loss starts on the outer surface and extend inward toward the pulp. The external root resorption is the most common. EARR is of particular interest to orthodontists and when stimulated by orthodontic forces is referred to as orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption .The prevalence of root resorption is 46.8%, mostly in the adults of 31-65 years old (75.29%) and external root resorption had a much higher prevalence (41%) than internal root resorption (1.5%). Maxillary incisors are the most commonly affected teeth with resorption (55.2%) while the mandibular premolars (6.9%) and molars (3.4%) were the least affected teeth on both maxillary and mandibular arches. Therefore this research was conducted to assess the amount of maxillary incisor root resorption between treatments and to identify its associated factors in patients who are on orthodontic treatment follow-up for more than 6 months. Objective: To assess the degree of root resorption of maxillary incisors between treatments and its associated factors in patients who undergo orthodontic treatment for more than 6 month in the orthodontic unit Jimma University medical center, Jimma, Ethiopia-2022. Methods: Primary data was collected by taking Intra Oral PeriApical radiography of maxillary incisor and structured questionnaire that can measure the associated factor for root resorption from patients who are following orthodontic treatment for more than 6 months in Jimma University medical center. All patients who are on active orthodontic treatment that fulfilled the inclusion criteria were included in the study and Institutional based cross sectional study was conducted. The data was entered, edited, coded and analyzed using SPSS version 23. Findings were presented using tables, and graphs. V. Result: A total of 44 male (37.3%) and 74 female (62.7%) patients aged average 22.5years were included. The prevalence of root resorption was 82(69.5 %), mostly in the young adults 21-25 years old. From the study group, 46 (56.1%) subjects exhibited all 4 maxillary incisors with root resorption. Type of Malocclusion (p<0.033), Gender (p< 0.010) and duration of treatment time (p<0.001) were significantly associated with maxillary incisors root resorption. Conclusion and Recommendation: Root resorption had a high prevalence in young adult female subjects; with external root resorption as the most frequent type that prevail in all 4 maxillary incisors and mostly affecting those patients who had follow up for more than 2 years.