Assessment of Hematological Parameter, Abnormalities And Associated Factors among Preeclamptic Pregnant Women Attending Chiro, And Gelemso General Hospitals: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Background: Pre-eclampsia is one of the most common causes of maternal and fetal complications, as well as hematological abnormalities, and is a multisystem dependent disorder worldwide. As a result, determining hematological parameters and related factors among pre-eclamptic pregnant women is crucial for the management of the condition. Objective To assess hematological parameters, abnormalities and associated factors among pre eclamptic pregnant women attending Chiro and Gelemso General Hospitals from November 15, to Feb 15, 2022, Eastern Ethiopia. Methods: - Institution-based Comparative Cross-sectional study design was conducted among 97 preeclamptic and 97 normotensive controls, by using consecutive sampling technique. Socio demographic and Clinical data were collected by interviewing & from logbooks, respectively. Four (4ml) of blood samples were collected with K2-EDTA tube and gently mixed and analyzed for CBC by using hematology auto analyzer, Sysmex-XN-550. Then, entered into Epi-Data software version 3.1, and exported to SPSS software version 25.0 for analysis (p<0.05). An independent sample t-test and Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the mean of hematological parameters of the study groups. Receiver operator Characteristic analysis was done to determine AUC, sensitivity, and specificity among hematological parameters for preeclampsia diagnosis. The result of the study revealed that, a total of 97 patient’s age ranging from 17 to 37 years with a mean age of 27.09 ± 4.98 years for preeclampsia and 26.99 ± 4.92 years for the control group were included. In preeclamptic women, the mean platelet count was 147.1 ± 86.4 (x 109 /L), when compared to 248.22 ±62(x 109 /L) in controls, (p < 0.05). The prevalence of Anemia among preeclamptic women was significantly higher 39(40.21%), while the magnitude of thrombocytopenia was 68(70%). Conclusion: - The present study, thrombocytopenia had the highest prevalence 68/97 (70%) among preeclampsia, followed by anemia 39/97(40.21%). The majority of hematological parameters in the study between preeclamptic and normotensive pregnant women revealed statistically significant variations.