Renal function impairment and associated factors Among adult hiv positive patients attending Antiretroviraltherapy clinic in mettu karl referral Hospital

Abstract

Background: Renal function impairment is defined as the occurrence of elevated levels of protein or albumin in the urine or an elevation in serum creatinine. It is associated with an increasing cause of morbidity and mortality in HIV positive individuals than in the general population. Identification of factors associated with renal function impairment is important in order to institute appropriate interventions for the purpose of renal function status. Objective: The main aim of this study is to assess the magnitude of renal function impairment and its associated factors among adult HIV positive attending ART clinic in Mettu Karl Referral Hospital, Mettu town, Southwest Ethiopia, 2020. Methods: Methods: An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from March 8- May 20, 2020. Systematic sampling technique was employed to select 359 study participants. Data was collected by face to face interview using pretested structured questionnaire. Serum creatinine was calculated as an estimate of renal function (eGFR) using chronic kidney disease epidemiological collaboration equation. Weight and height was measured using portable Seca digital floor and Seca measuring rod respectively. Descriptive statistics was used to describe the data depending on its nature. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used and variables with P≤ 0.25 in bivariable analysis were entered into the multivariable logistic regression. Adjusted Odds ratio (AOR) with 95 % Confidence interval was estimated to identify the predictors of renal function impairment. The statistical significance was declared at p-value of less than 0.05. The finding of the study was displayed by using tables and graphs. Result: A total of three hundred and fifty two HIV infected patients participated in this study with response rate of 98.1%. Out of 352 HIV patients on ART, 73 (20.7%) were found to have renal function impairment. Smoking cigarette [AOR= 8.48, 95% CI: 4.60-15.64], Diabetes mellitus [AOR= 4.29, 95% CI: 2.28-8.09], Hypertension [AOR= 2.13, 95% CI: 1.06-4.29] and low CD4 count [AOR=4.31, 95% CI: 2.49-7.44] were found to be independent predictors of renal function impairment among adult HIV positive patients. Conclusion: The prevalence of renal function impairment among HIV patients on ART is high. Hypertension, diabetes, Smoking cigarette and low CD4 count were associated factors of renal function impairment