Determinants of unsuccessful TB treatment outcome among TB patients on dots: a case control study in jimma town health facilities, south west Ethiopia 2020gc

Abstract

Background: Failure to treatment completion or cure was believed to be the main determinants for difficulties in controlling a disease. Identification of the determinants was therefore crucial for the improvement of future control and prevention strategies. Thus, this study assessed determinants for unsuccessful TB treatment outcome among patients on DOTS in Jimma town, south west Ethiopia. Methods: Unmatched case control study was conducted from April 1 to June 1 2021. 118 cases and 472 controls were required for this study. Cases were TB cases with unsuccessful treatment course whereas controls were those of successful treatment. After obtained Ethical clearance and Letter of permission data collection was done from 10 health facilities by allocating cases and controls proportionally for each facility and randomly from each facility. Data Quality control was done by checking completeness and consistence of collected data at field. Analysis was done using backward method and Binary logistic regression model were used for AOR at 95% CI. Result: After controlling for possible confounders, the independent variables that associated with unsuccessful treatment outcome were age > 34.7 years p-value 0.0015 (AOR 1.9(95% CI 1.14-3.2), lack of contact person p-value 0.000 AOR 27(95% CI 15.8-46.3), HIV positive P-value 0.000 AOR 7.3(95% CI 3.7-14.2)) and malnourished p value 0.006 (AOR 4.5(95% CI 1.5-12.9). On the other hand, the factors significantly and negatively associated with unsuccessful treatment were Unknown nutritional status with p-value 0.001 AOR .188(95% CI 0.07-0.5). Conclusion and recommendations: factors for unsuccessful treatment outcome were advanced age those who haven’t contact person, HIV positive and malnourished. Therefore, targeted measures should be considered to reduce the poor TB treatment outcome among the high-risk. Furthermore, careful monitoring, screening and management of risk factors are highly recommended.