Assessment of adverse effects and risk factors of Covid-19 vaccine in jimma unversity medical Center health workers, jimma, south west Ethiopia.

Abstract

Background: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is currently a global pandemic and public health emergency of international concern. Massive vaccination campaigns have been undertaken globally to combat the spread of the COVID-19. During clinical trials, mild to moderate side effects have been associated with the commonly used AstraZeneca vaccines: in Jimma, Ethiopia. Therefore, the aim of this research was to evaluate post ‐ vaccination side effects and to identify their potential risk factors. Methods: An institutional-based cross-sectional research design was used in JUMC, from feb16 to mar 5. A total of 320 health professionals who took AstraZeneca vaccine were included. Simple random sampling technique was used to select the study participants and single population formula was used to determine the sample size. The data obtained were analyzed by entering the data in Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software. Descriptive statistics were carried out for frequency of demographic variables and medical anamnesis. Chi- square assumptions were tested to identify positively associated factors. A binary logistic regression was used to identify statistically significant factors associated with adverse effects. A p-value <0.250 were used as cut-off values of significance in the binary logistic regression and P-value < 0.05 were used as significance in multivariable logistic regression models. Results and discussion: Among the 320 vaccinated individuals, 289 (90%) reported at least one side effect. The majority (76.4%) of the healthcare workers participated in the survey reported that they have experienced pain or swelling around the injection site after receiving the COVID- 19 vaccine. Female, allergic to food and drug, history of covid 19 infections and number of doses received was positively associated with the development of adverse effect. In multivariable logistic regression models, participants who were received second dose had two times higher odds of adverse effects than received first dose had (AOR: 2.14, 95% CI: 0.69, 4.4). Conclusion: Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine adverse effects were injection site pain, redness and swelling. Being female, allergic to food and drug, history of covid 19 infections and number of doses received positively associated with the development of adverse effects. After the administration of the COVID-19 vaccine, recipients should be informed about possible vaccine symptoms, how to treat them, and when and from whom to seek additional advice if necessary