Predictors of diarrheal disease among adult people Living with hiv attending art in west hararghe zone General hospitals, eastern ethiopia. Case control study

Abstract

Background: - Diarrhea disease is a common cause of morbidity and mortality among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV). The magnitude of diarrhea disease among PLHIV ranges from 30% to 60% in developed and 90% in developing countries. It speeds up the progression from HIV to AIDS and can easily impaired absorption of important nutrients, which can lead to negative impact on quality of life. There is also limited information on possible risk factors for diarrheal diseases among HIV infected patients in west Hararghe zone. The aim of this study was to identify the predictors of Diarrhea disease among adult PLHIV attending ART in west Hararghe Zone General Hospitals, East Ethiopia Method and Materials: - A facility-based case control study was conducted from April to May 2019. Consecutive sampling methods was used to select 94 cases and 190 controls .Data were collected using pretested structured questionnaire through face-to-face interviewer checklist was used to collect clinical data from medical record. Data were entered to Epidata 4.4 and exported to SPSS 23 version .Descriptive statistics and bivariate logistic regression was used to identify candidate variables for multivariable logistic regression model. Hosmer and Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test was used to test model adequacy. Multivariable logistic regression was computed and adjusted odd ratio (AORs) with their corresponding to 95% CIs was used to assess strength of association. Result: - In the study, 90 (96.4%) cases and 186 (98.8%) controls were participated. PLHIV who had history of diarrhea were more than two times (AOR= 2.5; 95% CI: 1.3, 4.8) more likely to have diarrhea compare to their counterparts. Adult PLHIV who had pets in their houses were more than three times (AOR=3.4, 95% CI: 1.8, 6.4) more likely to had diarrhea compared to those who had not. PLHIV who had washed their hands sometimes after visiting toilet were three times (AOR=3.0; 95% CI: 1.5, 6.1) more likely to be affected by diarrhea compared to their counterparts. PLHIV who consumed less than 20 liters water per day per capita were more than two times (AOR=2.6; 95% CI:1.2, 5.4) more likely to acquired diarrhea. Conclusions -The independent predictors of diarrheal disease among PLHIV were, presence of pets household, washing hand sometimes after visiting toilet, consuming less than 20 liters of water per day and previous history of diarrhea .Regional Health bureau should strengthening of WASH activities among PLHIV .Health care providers for HIV/AIDS care should work on hygiene