Pattern Of Adverse Events And Outcome Of Foreign Body Aspiration Removal Among Pediatrics Patients Undergoing Emergency Surgery At Jimma University Medical Center, Jimma, Ethiopia

Abstract

Background: Foreign body Aspiration is a life-threatening emergency among pediatric age groups worldwide. It is the commonest cause of accidental death in pediatrics patients under age of three. The risk is highest in children between one and three years of age. Early intervention and removal is crucial to save lives. Objectives: The main objective of this study is to determine the pattern of adverse events and outcomes of foreign body aspirations removal among pediatric patients at Jimma University Medical Center. Materials and Methods: Institution based retrospective; cross-sectional study was conducted among 49 foreign body aspiration (FBA) cases with convenience sampling technique. Standard structured observational tools were used. The data obtained were edited, coded, cleaned and entered to Epi data version 4.6 and exported to Statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 26. Descriptive and Chi square test analysis were done by the principal investigator. Result: A total of 49 FBA cases were studied in this research. Four of these cases were repeat procedures. The commonest adverse events encountered during the procedure were desaturation 26(53.1%), persistent hypoxia 22(44.8%), bradycardia 8(16.3%), aspiration 5(10.2) laryngospasm 3(6.1%) and laryngeal edema 3(6.1%). There was also 1(2%) case of death on operation theater (OR) table. Among the study cases 13 patients needed pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) admission. Duration of procedure, occurrence of adverse events such as hypoxia, aspiration and laryngeal edema had statistically significant association with PICU admission. Conclusion: The incidence of adverse events, duration of procedure (DOP) and duration of anesthesia (DOA) were higher in comparison to other researches. The incidence of serious complications and patient disposition to PICU transfer is also higher than other researches.