Prevalence Of Post Operative Anemia And Associated Factors Among Patients Undergoing Elective Surgery At Jimma University Medical Center

Abstract

SUMMARY Background: Post-operative anemia is a condition seen on individuals passing under major elective surgery. It is an independent factor associated with perioperative stroke, heart failure, arrhythmias, renal impairment, and death in patients that undergone both cardiac and noncardiac surgery. All of these negative impacts of post-operative anemia have huge cost implications especially for developing countries. This study will improve post-operative anemia management by fully addressing potential predictors. Additionally, it will play a significant role in helping physicians enhance safety of their patients. It will eventually act as a starting point or baseline for new studies on the area. So this study aims to assess overall prevalence of post-operative anemia and associated factors. Objective: To assess prevalence of post-operative anemia and associated factors among adult major elective surgical patients in Jimma university medical center August2022- February, 2023. Method: A institution-based Cross sectional study was carried out from November 1 to December 30, 2022 at Jimma university medical center using a pretested semi-structured questionnaire adapted from different literatures through face-to-face interviews. Data was checked for its completeness, edited, cleaned, coded and entered in to EPI data version 4.6 and then exported to statistical package or the social science (SPSS window version 26) for analysis. Assumption of logistic regression and the result of assumption was checked. To find potential predictors, bi-variable logistic regression was used for each predictor and outcome variable. Those with P< 0.25 was entered to multivariate logistic regression. A p value of <0.05 was considered as statistically significant and Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness of fit tests was used to evaluate the model's fitness. Finally findings presented using figures, AOR, percentage and summary table. Result; The median age of participants was 42 years. Also, ninety five (51.1%) were females. Whereas, 67 (36%) can’t read and write. 127 (68.3%) had a normal preoperative hemoglobin level. GA was used for 103 (55.4%). Likewise, 122 (65.6%) had an intraoperative blood loss of less than 500 ml. In the present study, 49 (26.3%) had comorbidity. In this study the prevalence of Post-Operative Anemia was 105 (56.5%).preoperative anemia ,>1000ml blood loss and duration of surgery >4hours are associated with postoperative anemia.