Assessment of Serum Total Protein, Cretonne, Urea, and Lipid Profile among Pregnant Women with Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension at Debre Berhan Comprehensive Hospital, Northeast Ethiopia.

Abstract

Background: Pregnancy-induced hypertension is the leading cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality globally. Dyslipidemia and change in serum creatinine, urea and total protein have been reported in pregnancy induced hypertension. However, reports are inconsistent and data on serum total protein, lipid profile, creatinine, and urea of pregnant women with pregnancy-induced hypertension in the study area are lacking. Objectives: To assess serum total protein, lipid profile, creatinine, and urea of hypertensive pregnant women in comparison with normotensive control grpoup at Debre Berhan Comprehensive Hospital, Northeast Ethiopia, from June 17 to October 17, 2022. Methods and materials: A Comparative cross-sectional study was conducted involving 140 (70 hypertensive and 70 normotensives) study participants selected using a convenient sampling technique. Structured questionnaires, medical records and checklists were used to collect data related to socio demographic, clinical, and reproductive characteristics. Overnight fasting 5ml of venous blood samples were collected for each individual for the determination of serum lipid profile, total protein, creatinine and urea using an automated Cobas c311 clinical chemistry analyzer. Data entry and statistical analysis were managed by Epi data version 4.6 and SPSS software version 25. Both bivariable and multivariable logistic regression models were used to identify predictors of dyslipidemia. Independent t-test, Mann– Whitney U-test, chi-squire, Pearson’s and Spearman’s correlation were used during data analysis. P values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Result. The current study found that low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), Trig;yceride (TG), Total cholesterol (TC), serum creatinine, and urea were significantly higher in Pregnancy induced hypertensive women as compared to the control group(P<0.05).On the other hand, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) was significantly lower in Pregnancy induced hypertensive women than the control group (P<0.001). BMI >25kg/m2 were significant predictors for having high TC (AOR: 3.2, CI: 1-9) and low HDL cholesterol (AOR: 4.8, CI: 1-20.4). In addition, Living in Urban area (AOR: 8.3 CI: 1.5-45.5) were significant predictors for having high TG. Conclusion and recommendation: This study showed a statistically significant increment in the serum lipid profile, creatinine, and urea of Pregnancy induced hypertensive women compared to the control group. Early detection of these parameters may help the patient by preventing complications and is going to aid in better management of pregnancy induced hypertension.