One year prospective study on pattern, clinical Presentation and surgical management of Colorectal cancer in Jimma University medical Center from December 2020-december 2021, jimma, South-west Ethiopia.

Abstract

Background: Colorectal cancer is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer in males and the second in females worldwide. According to the Addis Ababa cancer registry, it is the first in male and fourth in female in Ethiopia. However, there have not been studies on pattern , clinical presentation and surgical management of colorectal cancer in JUMC. Hence, this study aimed to estimate the pattern ,clinical presentation and surgical management of colorectal cancer in JUMC. Objective: To assess the patterns , clinical presentation and surgical management of colorectal cancer in JUMC from December 2020-december 2021. Methodology: In this institution based prospective cross sectional study , all patient with colorectal cancer admitted to JUMC surgical ward was included and their medical records were evaluated . Data was entered using epi-data, version 3.0 and was analysed using SPSS for windows version 26, and descriptive data analysis using frequency was made to answer the research question Results: The mean age of the study subjects was 47 + 16 years, ranging between 18 and 83 years. Only 14.3% of the patients are below 30 year sand31 % are above fifty years .57.1% were men, almost all come from out side Jimma town and 73.8% presented as an emergency. Vague abdominal pain was the leading symptoms in 39(92.9%)of pateints . Followed by bowl habit change and symptoms of obstruction which were in 21(71.4%) of the the patients each. Sign of obstruction found in 27(67.5%) and ,mass per Rectum in 14(35%) are most common signs.In twenty six(61.9%) of the patient the mass were obstructing, and obstructing with metastasis in 23.8%.one patient had non obstructing mass with metastasis. Recto sigmoid junction (35.7%) and caecum (21.4 %) were the common site of tumour. Low Anterior Resection were the commonly performed procedures among the elective cases and Diversion and biopsy was the commonly performed procedure among the emergency cases. Around two third had stage III and IV disease. Adenocarcinoma is the most common histologic type. Conclusion: The prevalence of colorectal cancer is increasing and most of the patients comes with advanced disease, so increasing awareness of the health professionals and community are mandatory.