Detection and Prevention of Black Hole Attack In VANET by using Average Waiting Time Algorithm with AODV Protocol

Abstract

Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (VANETs) are infrastructure less wireless networks in which the communication is achieved through the Dedicated Short Range Communication (DSRC) protocol in a single or multi-hop communication mode. Due to the self-configurable nature and lack of central management, vehicular ad hoc network is vulnerable to different types of malicious attacks. From these types of malicious attack, black hole attack is one of the serious security threat that can degrades the network performance by dropping or abusing captured data without sending it to the right destination. Black hole attack work by delivering fake routing information while claiming to have the best route to the target location. This study focuses on detecting and preventing data packet from dropping due to malicious nodes, which are black hole attacks. To overcome these security challenges different researchers have developed different algorithms. In this paper, we developed a mechanism called average waiting time algorithm, to detect and prevent black hole attack in VANET. The algorithm detects a s well as prevents black holes. In our proposed scheme before broadcasting the RREQ the source node calculates the average waiting time to wait for another RREP if the one RREP reaches the source node before the average waiting time expires, this is the detection scheme. Then based on the detection scheme, using false routing information the malicious node is isolated from the network. The proposed work is implemented and tested using the Network Simulation version 2.35. We use packet delivery ratio, throughput, end-to-end delay, and detection rate as a performance metrics. The simulation result showed that our proposed approach enhances the packet delivery ratio in 82%, throughput in 260 ms, detection rate by 91 %, and minimize the end-to-end delay in 260 ms with the node number of 90 and malicious node number of 10. From the simulation result we can conclude that the proposed approach is better in all scheme.