Magnitude Of Diabetes Mellitus Among Heart Failure Patients Admitted To Medical Ward And Associated Factors, Jimma University Medical Center, Southwest Ethiopia

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease due to either insulin deficiency or insulin resistance. It has four types, whereas the most common is type II DM followed by type I. The rests are specific types of diabetes due to other causes and gestational diabetes mellitus. Cardiac is one of the organs to develop vascular and non-vascular complications of diabetes mellitus including heart failure and atherosclerotic coronary artery diseases. The result of this study will come up with the magnitude of diabetes and associated factors among admitted heart failure patients. Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the magnitude of DM among admitted heart failure patients to the medical ward and identify associated factors with DM. Methodology: An institution-based cross sectional study was conducted during the month of November 2022. Data was collected by using a structured questionnaire and was entered into Epi data then it was exported to SPSS Version 25 for statistical analysis. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression models was fitted to identify the factors associated with DM development among HF patients. A 95% confidence interval and a P-Value less than 0.05 was used to declare statistically significant in the multivariable final model. Results: The finding of this study showed that the prevalence of DM among admitted HF patients was 15.7% (95% CI: 9.9-22.3%). In this study heart failure patients with higher education, (AOR = 0.05, 95% CI: (0.01– 0.55)) and with secondary school educational level (AOR = 0.07, 95% CI: 0.07–0.71), heart failure patients with comorbidities (AOR = 25, 95% CI: (1.8-35.23)), and admitted heart failure patients with abnormal lipid profile (AOR = 8.5, 95% CI: (1.6-43.2)) have statistically significant relation with the dependent variable. Conclusion and recommendation: Generally, the result of this study showed that the prevalence of DM among admitted HF patients was 15.7 which is relatively lower than the result of other studies. Educational status of the patient, patients with comorbidities and abnormal lipid profile were the factors associated diabetes mellitus development among patients with HF. These findings indicate that all hospitalized HF patients should be screened for diabetes mellitus.